Dark Skies Responsible Outdoor Lighting By Joe Frannea Southern Arizona Chapter of the International DarkSky Association Web: sa-ida.org

USA At Night Waste $2 Billion/Year in Electricity (50 coal generators or 15,300 tons coal/day or 5,000 wind turbines) Not Just Our Problem…

International DarkSkies Assoc. IDA Educators/Activists Advocate Natural Skies essentially… Keep Lights on the Ground

IDA Founded 1988 In Tucson (501(C)3) Dr. David L. Crawford & Dr. Tim Hunter Director/CEO Grown To: 11,000 Members, Over 70 Countries Board/Advisor

Dave’s MO – Our Success Never, Ever Make Enemies Always Find a Win/Win Talk in Sound Bites One Small Step at a Time Never Give Up, Be Persistent Just the Facts…Mam KIS(S)

Growth Enablers for IDA Astronomy Professional & Amateur Lighting Industry (commercial) New Products Yielding New Markets Environment Wildlife, Plant Life, Human Health, Safety Energy Conservation Governments Under Budget Woes

Dark-Sky Friendly Fixture

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Use Fully Shielded Light Fixtures

Shield Outdoor Lights Not Shielded Shielded

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Shine Lights Downward Only

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Use Only the Amount of Light Necessary

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Turn Lights On only When Needed

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Use Energy Efficient Lamps

Responsible Outdoor Lighting Exceed All Outdoor Lighting Codes

Impacts

Astronomy & Optics Arizona – estimated at $2.3 Billion Industry

Reduce Harm to Wildlife

Sea Turtle Hatchlings “Finding the Ocean”

Bird Migration

Bird Navigation

Bird Collisions – Lit Objects FLAP.org

Plant Life All Living Things have Biological Clocks They Need Dark/Light Cycles

Human Health Dark Sleep Cancer growth Melatonin Body Clock

Safety Reduce Glare Light for the Task - Use Motion Sensors Use Flash Lights, they still work & are very inexpensive

Security More Crimes Occur in Daytime vs Security More Crimes Occur in Daytime vs. Night time Some People Believe… Dark Yields Less: Uniform Light Yields Less: Theft Vandalism Graffiti Drug Deals Prostitution Robbery Rape No Statistical Evidence to Support More or Less Light Reduce Crime

A Real Cat Burglar

Lighting Zones Help Observatories E1c - 35 mile radius from Kitt Peak E1a 15 mile radius or 12.5 for Mt. Hopkins More Restrictive Outdoor Lighting Codes

Some S. AZ Lighting Codes Fixtures within 25’ of Adj. Property Lines-Full Cutoff Holiday Lamps <7watt OK, Thanksgiving to Jan 15th Limited Unshielded Initial Lumens per Acre Total Initial Lumens per Developed Acre is Limited No Unshielded Fixtures over 3,000 Lumens Flood lights – aimed down at 45 deg or lower Business Signs – Off at close of business or 11 PM Sports Lighting has 11 PM or 12 AM Curfews

Tucson Sells These Awful Lights Most are in Violation of Outdoor Lighting Codes when Turned ON! Horizontal Light Much Worse than Vertical Light for Observatories

Porch Lights

Low Pressure Sodium Lights (LPS) Initially Thought - Answer to All... Orion Without Filter After Filtering

Uplight & Pollution Research by Chris Luginbuhl – U.S. Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station

Uplight & Pollution Research by Chris Luginbuhl – U.S. Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station

‘59 ‘80 ‘03 Catalina & Tortolita Mtns ’03 larger view

LED Street & Traffic Lights Pros: 90% less energy use, long life bulbs, less maintenance, instant on, dimmable, solar is possible Cons: No heat to melt snow & for birds, dirty lens, bright light, possible harmful light to humans, insects & wildlife

BLUE RICH LED Light – Whoa there Cowboy…

Outdoor Lighting Trends Flat Lens or Fully Shielded Fixtures Lower Energy Usage (CFL, LED - 90%<) Fewer Street Lights (taking out old ones) Fewer Residential Lights Lights Off at Night (motion, less dusk to dawn) Dark Campus (all lights off after close) More Electronic Signs (scrolling messages)

What Are We Waiting For ???

Texas Refinery Light Shields Added Business Testimonial Texas Refinery Light Shields Added 20,000 Unshielded Fixtures – 150w (24/7) Electricity for Lighting: $3M/Year ($0.11/kwh) Flashlights to read instruments: $30k/Year New Fixture Shields @$20 ea. = $400k Energy Savings $370k/Yr (12.5%, smaller lamps) Eliminated most flashlights & battery costs Payout, about 1 year

WOW! - What a Dark Sky Reveals

Please help pass the Word… Remember… Each Errant Photon Adds to Light Pollution! Thanks, Please help pass the Word…