Constraints of Small-Scale Pig Productions in Cambodia Regional Polytechnic Institute Techo Sen Battambang Constraints of Small-Scale Pig Productions in Cambodia Name: DIN CHAMROEUN

Contents 1 Introduction Objective 2 Market Demand 3 4 Small scale pig raising Result 5 6 Recommendation

Introduction Recently, Cambodia has been named as one of the new tiger economies of Asia following the five years high economic growth about 7% GDP from 2013 to 2017 (ADB,2016) Cambodia is an agrarian country spreading approximately 85.3% of the total 3.3 million hectares cultivation area under rain-fed conditions (CAC, 2015).

Introduction .

Objective Livestock husbandry plays a very important role in rural areas and farmers mostly have complains on the declining revenue from livestock production which supports their livelihood. Therefore, the study aimed at investigating the Constraints of Small-Scale Pig Productions in Cambodia

Market Demand The projected annual demand for pigs in Cambodia is 3.25 million heads compared to the country’s annual domestic production of 2.7 million heads in 2014. The current broiler demand in Cambodia is around 800,000 – 1,000,000 birds per month. There are also potentials to fill up the gap by the importation of high quality meat in the near future. (MAFF, 2015)

Market Demand

Small scale pig raising Small scale farming is the most common way of producing pigs in Cambodia. This type of production often means one to five pigs at the most. By-products from rice production, such as rice bran and broken rice, are used as feed. Therefore the rice production affects the small scale pig production substantially. Cambodian pigs are also fed with kitchen waste, corn, and green plants from the forest and if enough money, piglets are offered concentrate.

Small scale pig raising Often, pigs in small scale productions grow slowly as a consequence of deficient feeding. The amount of pigs in Cambodia is not sufficient and import from Vietnam and Thailand usually occur. Lack of knowledge concerning pig management and shortages in disease control are common features. ( Emilia Wallberg, 2011)

Small scale pig raising 1)

Methodology Location The study conducted it survey in Battambang province of Cambodia under 6 districts, 12 communes and 18 villages; About 204 household

Methodology The knowledge gained in the interviews was used in a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis to formulate options for the future. Table 1. SWOT analysis Strengths Opportunities Weaknesses Threats

Constraints of small scale pig production Result Constraints of small scale pig production  Technical of raising Traditional livestock farming Farmers lack knowledge/skill about technique of raising  Breeds Local breeds, grow slowly Imported breeds always high price

Result  Feeds/Nutrition By-product from rice and kitchen waste and green plants from forest are not sufficient quality nutrition Concentrate are expensive Animals still suffers from lack of feed  Marketing The price of live pigs goes down Most imports from neighboring countries

Constraints of small scale pig production  Infectious diseases Many epidemics of infectious diseases occur on pig Lack of knowledge on disease control and prevention There is no proper sanitary measure Climatic Factors High humidity and high temperature has unfavorable effects on animal housing and environmental protection, thereby constituting a complication for pig raising.

Recommendation Government need to motivate farmers and provide Training to farmers how to improving animal health and educating farmers in animal management. And private sector need to be encouraged to invest in the sector. 1 2 3 Market stability To provide farmers with credits To invest the research and strengthening the quality of education To increase investment on feed industry To apply the better breeds of livestock resistant To invest more in public animal healthcare Knowledge of small-scale farmers in disease prevention and bio-security

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