Developing a User-Driven, Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) National Ocean Research Leadership Council (NORLC) Developing a User-Driven, Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Recent History Conceptual Design Evolution Funding Tom Malone, Director Ocean.US Office for Integrated & Sustained Ocean Observations

Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) IOOS exists in concept only IOOS is not a program Private sector involvement critical to successful development

Recent History

1998 NORLC Charged by Congress Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Provide Data/Info Required for More Rapid Detection & Timely Prediction of State Changes Improve the safety & efficiency of marine operations Improve homeland security Mitigate effects of natural hazards more effectively Improve predictions of climate change & their effects Minimize public health risks Protect & restore healthy coastal marine ecosystems more effectively Sustain living marine resources 1 System, 7 Goals

Pre–Commission on Ocean Policy: 1999 - 2003 1999 – NORLC Submits Provisional Design => Congress 2000 – NORLC creates OceanUS Office to design the IOOS & coordinate its implementation 2003 – Congress directs NOAA & its NOPP Partners to prepare an IOOS Implementation Plan Ocean.US recommended, NORLC/OSTP approved IOOS design plan & implementation priorities => Congress http://www.ocean.us/documents Earth Observation Summit initiates GEOSS planning process S.1400 authorizing $216 M for 1st year of IOOS => $257M in Yr 5 Regional groups funded to establish Regional Associations

Commission on Ocean Policy Governor’s Draft 20 April, 2004 Implement an Integrated Ocean Observing System Makes more effective use of existing assets Enhance over time as more user groups become engaged & new technologies & knowledge develop $138 M for FY 2006 – $600 M by 2010 Codify in legislation Ocean.US as the Interagency Planning Office Implement ecosystem–based management Strengthen regional approach

Conceptual Design

Vision Integrated Ocean Observing System IOOS That is Sustained & Routinely Provides Data & Information Specified by Multiple User Groups Groups that Use, Depend on, Manage or Study Oceans & Coasts IOOS Analysis, Modeling End To Data Communications & Management Monitoring In Situ & Remote Sensing

National Weather Service A Model for an Operational, End to End Observing System Advice Meteorology & Physical Oceanography Weather Climatologies Nowcasts Forecasts Future Casts Climate Long Range Predictions NWS Climate Observing System R&D Requirements

Multiple Use Phenomena of Interest: Climate & Weather + Marine Ops, Hazards, Security & Public Health Sea surface winds, currents, ice & waves Sea level & bathymetry Storm surge, erosion, susceptibility to natural hazards Acoustic performance Propagation of electromagnetic waves Human exposure to Contaminants Pathogens Ecosystem Health & Natural Resources Habitat modification Loss of biodiversity Invasive species Harmful algal events Eutrophication Disease & mass mortalities Stocks of harvestable resources Declining harvests Mariculture operations

Detecting & Predicting Change in Oceans & Coasts Advice Multi-Disciplinary Foundation Marine Meteorology Oceanography Marine & Estuarine Ecology Landscape Medical Research Multiple Applications Safe, efficient marine operations Coastal engineering Homeland security Environmental protection Public health & safety LMR management ICZM management IOOS R&D Requirements

IOOS Design & Operating Principles – 1 Product – Driven Design, implementation, operation & improvement must be guided by data providers & users from both public & privates sectors (2) Multi – Scale Observations must be made on global to local scales (3) Development Selectively link existing assets through data management, communications & modeling Enhance operational capabilities over time by incorporating additional operational elements & new technologies & knowledge (4) Multiple Use Ensure sustained data streams of known quality that benefit a broad spectrum of groups that use, depend on, manage & study marine systems

IOOS Design & Operating Principles – 2 (5) Based on sound science The IOOS will encompass a continuum of research to operational activities Promote research needed to develop the fully integrated system (6) Data & information produced at public expense Fully & openly shared in a timely manner (7) Standards & Protocols Establish national standards & protocols for measurements, data management & modeling

U.S. IOOS Two Interdependent Components Hierarchy of Observing Systems Global Ocean Climate Component GOOS/GCOS Coastal Ocean Component GoA National Backbone GLs NE Regional Observing Systems NW MAB H Isl SW SE Go Mex Lower Resolution Higher

Global Component of the Observing Subsystem An International Collaboration Implementation Well Underway

The Coastal Challenge Integrated Data Management Analysis Modeling Rapid Assessments Timely Predictions Integrated Data Management Real-Time Delayed Mode Analysis Modeling Spatially Synoptic Time Series Near shore Processes High Res TS V-Profiles Transects V-Profiles NWLON Coastal Lab Nets Aircraft Autonomous In Situ Sensing Observatories Satellites Aircraft HF Radar Ship– & AUV– Based Surveys

Coastal Component National Backbone Regional COOS’s Operated by Federal Agencies EEZ & Great Lakes Core variables required by regions Networks sentinel stations reference stations Standards/Protocols QAQC, DMAC Products Regional COOS’s Regional Associations Design Operate Involve private sectors, NGOs, State Agencies Design, Operate Use Evaluate Incorporate Subregional systems Elements thereof Enhance the Backbone based on User Needs

IOOS Evolution

Desired Roles of Private Sectors Contribute to IOOS design, implementation, operation & improvement Observations, data telemetry, data management, modeling Sell products to develop & operate the IOOS Vendors of instruments, standards, communications, etc. Provide data served by the IOOS Recognizing that use may be restricted Use data served by the IOOS to create value added products Commercial weather forecasting Purchase value added products from commercial vendors for their own purposes

Engaging Private Sectors in IOOS Development Two convergent, interdependent approaches Regional Focus on engaging private sectors, NGOs, and state agencies from the beginning National Focus on serving data & information to attract the interest of private sectors & stimulate product development Regional Approach Regional workshops – East & West Coasts, Great Lakes, Gulf of Mexico Standing User Forums National Approach Annual IOOS Implementation Conference to formulate & update the IOOS Development Plan

REGIONAL: Gulf of Mexico Regional Workshop Marathon Oil Co., Houston, TX, 2-4 March 2004 Explore Private Sector Interests & Roles in the U.S. IOOS Private Sectors Oil & gas, commercial shipping, offshore forecasting & ship routing Insurance, reinsurance Commercial & recreational fishing, aquaculture Offshore communications, marine meteorology Commercial satellite hardware & imaging Environmental consulting Results Private sector demands Actively involved in planning, governance, operation, evaluation Funding opportunities must be open to private sectors Private sector concerns More effective, proactive communications by IOOS developers Protection of their right to sell products & services w/o competition from government agencies Protection of proprietary data from unauthorized distribution & use Private sector advocacy Yes, if treated as equal partners in addressing the issues above

1st Annual IOOS Development Plan Part I – Structure and Governance Vision & design principles Planning  Implementation Cycle Part II – Building the Initial IOOS (FY 05 – 06) Integrate existing assets across agencies Coordinated regional development Part III – Improving the IOOS (FY 07 – 14) Enhance the initial IOOS R&D priorities Mention SBIRs

Funding

S.1400: Ocean Observations & Coastal Systems Act Snowe, Kerry, McCain, Hollings, Inouye & Breaux Authorization – Passed Senate October, 2003 Assigns responsibility for establishing & maintaining the IOOS to NOPP Formalizes in statute an Interagency Program Office (OceanUS) Directs the NORLC to establish a Joint Operations Center to be managed by NOAA in consultation with its NORLC partners Authorizes $216M for FY 04 => $257M in FY 08 Funding to be distributed among participating NOPP agencies

House Bill Ocean & Coastal Observation System Act Enhancements & New Initiatives $ Millions YR 1 YR 2 YR 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 DMAC 18 30 45 50 60 RCOOSs 50 110 200 250 310 Global ocean-climate 30 60 90 120 120 Backbone enhancements 40 60 80 100 110   TOTAL 138 260 415 520 600 Resource Committee + Science, Armed Services & Transportation Introduced by Congressman Weldon

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