The Super-Duper Quick Guide to CHAPTER 3-1: Ancient Rome to Exploration The Super-Duper Quick Guide to

Chapter 3, Section 1: Europeans Reach America I. A. 1. Europeans knew little about the lands and sea outside of their own towns and villages.

I. A. 1. Europeans knew little about the lands and sea outside of their own towns and villages.

The Atlantic Ocean was called the Sea of Darkness

The Middle Ages: Feudalism

Monarchs divide their land among nobles and lords who promise to be loyal to them. Lords give land to knights in return for the protection of the manor.

Serfs and peasants worked on the manor and could not leave. Everything on the manor was made there, so few people had a reason to leave. Besides, there were very few roads.

Can I borrow five bucks kid?

The Crusades

During the Middle Ages, all Christians in Europe belonged to the Roman Catholic Church.

Jerusalem was sacred to Jews, Catholics, and Muslims. Each wanted control of the Holy Land.

UHHHH, THIS PROBABLY WON’T END WELL The Crusades took place over the course of 200 years. The Europeans lost. UHHHH, THIS PROBABLY WON’T END WELL

But some good did come of the Crusades But some good did come of the Crusades. During their travels to the Middle East, many European Crusaders discovered new things, like exotic foods and spices. They bought silks and colorful rugs. Italian merchants thought that people in Europe would buy these things for a lot of money, so they started to trade with Arab merchants of the Middle East.

As they traded, Italian merchants learned of new instruments that made it easier to sail across large bodies of water. These included the magnetic compass and the astrolabe.

1. How did the Crusades change life in Europe? The Crusades introduced Europeans to Asian goods and technology.

The Revival of Learning – The Renaissance Through trade, many people became curious about the world outside of Europe.

Scientists began to translate ancient Greek, Roman, and Arab works. Many new discoveries in art, medicine, astronomy, and chemistry were made.

Only the wealthy could afford books, because they were painstakingly copied by hand and thus very expensive.

That changed with an invention by Johannes Gutenburg called the printing press. Because many more books could be made (and at a much faster rate), books became more affordable. More people learned to read.

Prince Henry the Navigator Starts a new school for explorers. Invents the caravel, a ship that can sail against the wind.

2. How did the Renaissance change life in Europe? The Renaissance changed led to discoveries in fields such as art, medicine, astronomy, and chemistry.

Trade brings great prosperity to Europe Trade brings great prosperity to Europe. Soon, the English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese are fighting for more power. They all want to increase their wealth. They make a huge amount of money trading with China. But, because Italian and Arab merchants control the Mediterranean Sea, another way to reach Asia by water must be found.

First to reach the southern tip of Africa

First to sail around Africa to India

5. Why did Western European rulers want to find new routes to Asia? They wanted to grow rich by bypassing the Arabs and Italians who controlled the trade routes.

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain fund the exploration of Italian Christopher Columbus. He, with his crews on the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria land in the Caribbean on October 12, 1492.

Columbus meets the natives, called Tainos Columbus meets the natives, called Tainos. He thinks Europeans are their superior. He soon discovers they have gold. He decides to make them work as slaves in mines.

European diseases & harsh conditions kills off the entire Tainos population within 100 years. Still, the Spanish monarchy is impressed with what Columbus has found. They pay for three more voyages. Columbus will set up the first Spanish colony in the Americas.

Europeans taught natives how to use metals such as copper pots and iron knives. Unfortunately, the Europeans unknowingly brought deadly diseases to the native populations. Since the natives has no immunity to such diseases, many died.

6. How did Columbus’s voyages affect a) Europeans, b) Native Americans? A) European nations grew rich, seized colonies, and found new foods. B) The Natives lost their lands, had to work for Europeans, and died from overwork and European diseases.

Which of the following is NOT true about the Crusades? A) The Crusades were holy wars between Christians and Muslims. B) The Crusades stopped all trade between Europeans, Arabs, and Asians. C) The Crusades enabled Europeans to travel to distant lands, some for the first time. D) The Crusades were holy wars fought for control of Jerusalem, the Holy Land.

A monarch is a….. A) famous knight B) the blacksmith of the manor C) a king and/or queen D) a serf on the honor roll

Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of Prince Henry? A) his nickname was “The Avenger” B) he invented the caravel C) he founded a school to help sailors

His Nickname was Prince Henry “The Navigator”. triangular Sails steering Rudder can sail against the wind

A serf is best described as…. A) a peasant B) a monarch C) a knight D) a Cowabunga dude

In what year did Columbus set sail for Asia (the year he sailed “the ocean blue”?. B) 1066 AD C) 1492 AD D) 2010 AD

Whose job was it to protect a manor (just as long as he gets some land out of it)? A) the king B) the serfs C) the queen D) the knight

END CH. 3-1 SLIDE SHOW