5G Spectrum IN RCC countries GSA Spectrum Group 3rd meeting of WG “WRC-19” and 9th meeting of WG “Spectrum” of the RCC Commission on spectrum management and space orbits 10-14 April 2017, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan www.gsacom.com

GSA Spectrum Group This presentation outlines the agreed views on 5G Spectrum from the GSA Spectrum Group RCC regional team GSA is a global supplier association and the Spectrum Group has a global mandate to deliver spectrum messaging on behalf of its members. This presentation is a position on 5G spectrum in RCC and may not represent the position in other regions   About the GSA Spectrum Group: The Spectrum Group within GSA is the GSA focus group for global policy matters related to the radio frequency spectrum and radio regulatory matters pertaining to the successful evolution of International Mobile Telecommunication (IMT) of ITU and associated administrative, operational and technical aspects.

5G use cases vs. frequency ranges Low frequencies with wide bandwidth 100 Mbps user experience anywhere E.g. 3400-3800 MHz High frequency with very wide bandwidth For very high end user peak data rate: 20 Gbps E.g. 24.25-27.5 (pioneer) and 37-43.5 GHz eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband Gigabytes in a second 3D video, UHD screens Work & play in the cloud Smart Home / Building Augmented reality Industry automation Voice Mission critical application Smart City Self Driving Car Future IMT Low frequencies with good coverage wide and deep coverage, massive IoT connections E.g. 700, 3400-3800 MHz Low frequencies For wide reliable coverage E.g. 700, 3400-3800 MHz mMTC Massive Machine Type Communications URLLC Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications All existing IMT frequency bands should be ready for 5G based on market demand on a technology and service neutral basis

WRC-19 Bands between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz are being studied for WRC-19 (Agenda Item 1.13) 27.5 40.5 42.5 45.5 47.0 50.2 52.6 In scope of WRC-19, allocated to Mobile Service already 3.25 1.6 3.5 2 1.5 3.0 2.2 5 5 5 In scope of WRC-19, may require allocation to Mobile Service GHz 24.25 31.8 33.4 37.0 42.5 43.5 47.2 50.4 66 71 76 81 86 Spectrum needs, propagation models and 5G parameters are defined to support sharing studies Sharing and compatibility with other services are being analyzed

Group 30 Group 40 Group 50 Group 80 ITU-R TG 5/1 studies will be based on frequency groups Group 30 24.25 - 27.5 GHz 31.8 - 33.4 GHz Group 40 37.0 - 40.5 GHz 40.5 - 42.5 GHz 42.5 - 43.5 GHz Group 50 45.5 - 47 GHz 47.0 - 47.2 GHz 47.2 - 50.2 GHz 50.4 - 52.6 GHz Group 80 66 - 76 GHz 81 - 86 GHz Various groups have different IMT deployment scenarios, parameter values and propagation models Bands 24.25-86 GHz are suitable for dense urban and sub-urban hot-spots (in particular, groups «30» and «40») and indoors

26ghz & 40GHz – key 5G bands for early commercialisation 24.25 27.5 29.5 31.8 33.4 37 40.5 42.5 43.5 GHz Europe’s 5G pioneer band and other bands considered for 5G 3.25 GHz (pioneer) 1.6 GHz 3 GHz U.S. has the bands 27.5-28.35, 37-38.6, 38.6-40 GHz for licensed use, the band 64-71GHz for unlicensed use 0.85 GHz 3 GHz China is conducting compatibility studies for the 26 and 40 GHz bands 3.25 GHz 6.5 GHz Japan is investigating the promising bands for 5G including 28GHz 2 GHz Global primary MS band Confirmed Non-global primary MS band Likely Korea: has decided 26.5-29.5 GHz for 5G trial 3 GHz Non AI1.13 band TBD The 24.25-29.5 & 37-43.5 GHz are the most promising bands for early 5G global commercialization NOTES FOR THE GSA SPEAKER: USA: Report and Order “Use of Spectrum Bands Above 24 GHz For Mobile Radio Services” China: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) Japan: in the Radio-policy 2020 council established recently

GSA position on AI 1.13 of WRC-19 in Europe (CEPT Brief on AI 1.13) Some of the 5G/IMT-2020 requirements will be met by frequency bands below 6 GHz, whereas frequency bands considered under AI 1.13 would allow to meet some specific 5G requirements, such as provision of very high data rates in hot spot areas. For AI 1.13, GSA supports the initial focus of the CEPT studies on the 24.25-27.5 GHz “pioneer band”. Identification of this band for IMT would give a significant amount of spectrum for meeting specific 5G requirements. This would also allow Europe to benefit from economies of scale due to the possibility for equipment to support a continuous “tuning range” covering the spectrum above 27.5 GHz that will be used for early 5G deployments including in the US, Korea and Japan. In addition to the European pioneer band 24.25-27.5 GHz, GSA is of the view that the 40.5-43.5 GHz band is also an important band for CEPT studies under AI 1.13. GSA supports the position of RSPG that ”shift of use from other bands to this 40.5-43.5GHz band should be avoided as far as possible in order to keep the option open to make it available for 5G in the future”. GSA further supports studies of the all other frequency bands listed under Agenda Item 1.13. Prioritization of those bands is for further discussion. Finally, GSA emphasizes that spectrum harmonization remains important for the success of 5G, and even more important for higher frequencies in order to support the development of a new 5G ecosystem. It is also of paramount importance that in order to avoid undue limitations on the IMT usage, the sharing and compatibility studies should be based on realistic parameters, deployment scenarios and assumptions.

C-Band: first 5G band globally 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.9 5.0 GHz Japan: investigations on the promising bands for 5G including e.g. 3600-4200 MHz, 4400-4900 MHz China ongoing 5G technology trial in the 3400-3600 MHz National consultation on 3300-3400, 4400-4500 and 4800-5000 MHz for IMT is ongoing Korea: 3400-3700 MHz band is a good candidate for 5G USA: further studies proposed for a number of bands including 3100-3550 MHz and 3700-4200 MHz (in addition to 3550-3700 MHz already being opened for mobile use) Available for IMT / offical plans Under discussion for IMT Targeting at least 300-400 MHz contiguous bandwidth totally in C-band and around 100 MHz of contiguous spectrum per MNO (within 3400-3800 MHz range) in most countries Refarming and defragmentation activities in 3400-3800 MHz in a number of European countries 3GPP has included 3300-4200MHz and 4400-4990MHz as a 5G NR (5G New Radio interface) band in Release 15 NOTE FOR THE GSA SPAEKER Network implementation can start / has started with LTE-A in some markets (e.g. USA, Japan) China Academy of Information and Communication Technology has announced the ongoing 5G technology trial in the 3400-3600 MHz band. Operators considering 3300-3600 MHz for 5G Japan: investigations on the promising bands for 5G including e.g. 3600-4200 MHz, 4400-4900 MHz in the Radio-policy 2020 council established recently, operators considering these bands for 5G amongst others The 3500MHz band in the U.S. and Korea is also a good candidate for 5G deployments – In the U.S. “The Mobile Now Act” proposes further studies for a number of bands including 3100-3550 MHz and 3700-4200 MHz (in addition to 3550-3700 MHz already being opened for mobile use)

UHF: For WIDE AND DEEP COVERAGE Spectrum below 1GHz can cost effectively address 5G use cases requiring smaller bandwidth and good coverage (e.g. IoT 5G use case) 700 MHz The band is currently used in several countries of the APT region for LTE and will be available in most European countries around the year 2020, by the start of 5G mass-scale deployments worldwide An early availability of the band in RCC countries would enable MNOs to provide wide area 5G user experience, including but not limited to IoT services, and support its commercial success 470-694 MHz (longer term – in the preliminary Agenda of WRC-2023) IMT identification in a number of countries at WRC-15 Region 3: 470-698 MHz: Micronesia, Solomon, Tuvalu, Vanuatu; 610-698 MHz: Bangladesh, Maldives, New Zealand Region 2: 470-608 & 614-698 MHz: Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Mexico, U.S.; 614-698 MHz: Belize, Colombia; In ITU-R WP5D a new frequency arrangement for IMT in 600 MHz is proposed: NOTES FOR THE GSA SPEAKER: Commissioner Oettinger (Feb ‘16 PR): “We cannot have high quality mobile internet for everything and for everyone everywhere unless we have modern infrastructure and modern rules”

FCC rules for 28, 37 and 39 GHz bands Europe’s 5G timeline 700 MHz 3400-3800 MHz 24.25 – 27.5 GHz “5G Action Plan” & “5G spectrum roadmap” Spectrum selection Common timelines Commercial (1 major city per country) Seamless coverage (all major cities, transport paths) Pioneer Bands (*) Extended set of Bands (**) Trials 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 FCC rules for 28, 37 and 39 GHz bands (Jul ‘15) Korea Winter Olympics (Feb ‘18) China Product R&D trials (2018-2020) Japan Summer Olympics (Jul ‘20) (*) “Radio Spectrum Policy Group strategic roadmap towards 5G for Europe – Opinion on spectrum related aspects for next generation wireless systems (5G)” (**) Supplementary Opinion from RSPG (under development)

SPECTRUM HARMONIZATION at HIGH FREQUENCIES Spectrum harmonization remains important for the development of IMT as it allows for: Adequate economies of scale for cost effective solutions for end users Global roaming for end user devices Reduced efforts in cross border coordination Reduced equipment design complexity, preserving battery life, and improving efficiency in spectrum use There may be new challenges in the terminal implementation to support multiple non-contiguous bands (above 6GHz) in the same device – especially in the initial stage Spectrum harmonization is even more important for higher frequencies in order to support the development of the new 5G ecosystem.

“TUNING RANGES”– benefit from other regions’ developments 24.25 - 27.5 (3.25) 27.5 - 29.5 (2.0) “26+28” tuning range 24.25-29.5 tuning range allows RCC to benefit from early developments in 28 GHz band in US, Korea and Japan and, in line with Europe, to consider the 24.25-27.5 GHz band under AI 1.13 as suitable for initial deployments of 5G at high frequencies  19% “38+42” tuning range In line with the wide support during WRC-15, different portions of spectrum within the 37.0 – 43.5 GHz range are now being considered for 5G in various regions, e.g.: 37 – 40 GHz already decided in the USA 40.5 – 43.5 GHz in Europe 37 - 39.5 (2.5) 39.5 - 41.5 (2.0) 41.5 - 43.5  16% “28+32” tuning range 31.8 – 33.4 GHz supported for studies towards WRC-19 by all Regions at WRC-15 The size of the potentially available bandwidth (1.6 GHz) could be limited by the fact that “all emissions are prohibited” in adjacent passive band 31.5-31.8 GHz 26.5 / 27.5 - 29.5 (3.0 / 2.0) Passive Services (*) 31.8 - 33.4 (1.6) 23% NOTES FOR THE GSA SPEAKER: No single frequency range satisfies all the criteria required to deploy IMT systems, particularly in countries with diverse geographic and population density; therefore, to meet the capacity and coverage requirements of IMT systems multiple frequency ranges would be needed Contiguous and broader channel bandwidths than available to current IMT systems would be desirable to support continued growth. development of technologies such as small cells, 3D beamforming and massive MIMO techniques that “may realize their full potential when applied to smaller wavelengths, which are characteristic of higher frequency bands”. Higher frequencies will be mainly used in dense urban environments to provide high data rate services 19% (*) RR 5.340: “all emissions are prohibited in the following bands: 31.3-31.5 GHz (R1,2,3), 31.5-31.8 GHz (R2)”

New sharing opportunities Sharing with IMT-2020 at higher frequencies: Higher signal propagation fading Typical deployments will address capacity enhancements in hotspot and indoor scenarios Low frequencies will ensure seamless coverage Urban and suburban outdoor small cell deployment Below rooftop antenna in urban areas has large clutter loss Lower transmitter power than in Macro cells Indoor deployment Higher building entry loss reduces the indoor IMT operation risk to interfere other users in outdoors Narrow beams Only covering small areas, e.g. tens of meters Limiting the signal power to the unwanted directions Vertical angular discrimination mitigates interference typical h = 30 m IMT base station typical h < 10 m Dense Urban area It is important to establish adequate protection (not over-protection) for satellite systems: spectrum sharing must be discussed on realistic terms. GSA encourages efforts to improve the mutual understanding.

GSA views ON THE RCC spectrum roadmap for 5g (1/2) Frequencies below 6 GHz are essential for 5G commercial success 700 MHz GSA recommends to consider making the 700 MHz band available for 5G by year 2020 at the latest, synchronised with Europe – it is essential for providing wide area 5G user experience, including but not limited to the IoT use case. Authorisations issued for 700 MHz should be technology neutral and allow either the deployment of 5G from start or a technology evolution from LTE towards 5G without regulatory barriers. 3400-3800 MHz GSA recommends to continue working on making the 3400-3800 MHz band gradually available for 5G, also on a technology neutral basis – C-band is the ideal band for urban and suburban 5G coverage. Adequate protection of incumbent services is important – the newly approved ECC Report 254 provides a full set of tools for ensuring co-existence!

GSA VIEWS ON THE RCC spectrum roadmap for 5g (2/2) High frequencies with very wide bandwidth are needed to enable very high user peak data rates: ~20 Gbps 26 GHz GSA recommends RCC to work out the conditions for the introduction of 5G in 26 GHz before WRC-19, to enable smooth deployments of 5G services around the year 2020, aligned with the European timelines Conditions should take into account protection (not over-protection) of existing services in the same and adjacent frequency bands (e.g. EESS / SRS) 42 GHz GSA also recommends RCC to work on the harmonisation of 40.5-42.5 GHz for 5G to enable the availability of sufficiently large contiguous blocks of spectrum for all operators for the provision of very high data rate 5G services Low frequencies High frequencies NOTES FOR THE GSA SPEAKER: Bands with the following characteristics should be prioritized: Potential for harmonization, best propagation properties, least constraints from incumbents’ use Subject to concrete national initiatives which may trigger the initial required economies of scale the O2I intended is for windows without metal coating, or for micro-cell scenarios. GHz 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Proposed 5G pioneer bands for RCC In scope of WRC-19 Additional options

Examples of recent trial activities Many trials ongoing & planned around the world mainly in 3.5 GHz, 4.5 GHz and 28 GHz 28 GHz trials in the United States by Verizon and AT&T. Verizon announced commercial launch in 2017. AT&T also looking at trials in 3.5 GHz and 15 GHz. 28 GHz trials in South Korea in time for the 2018 Olympics with SK, KT and LG U+ using 1 GHz of spectrum per operator. Early system trials planned in Japan for 3600-4100 MHz, 4405-4895 MHz and 27.5-28.28 GHz, starting 2017 in Tokyo, and continuing as a larger-scale field trial through 2018 and 2019. The IMT-2020 Promotion Group of China has announced the ongoing 5G technology trial in the 3400-3600 MHz band. In addition, the bands 3300 – 3400 MHz, 4400 – 4500 MHz, 4800 – 4990 MHz, 25 GHz and 40 GHz are being considered for 5G use. In Russia operators Megafon, MTS, Tele2, Veon intend to build first 5G network clusters in 2018. In Sweden Telia Company is conducting field trials in the Stockholm area and plans to bring 5G experience to customers in Stockholm and Tallinn in 2018. The European Commission recently published their 5G Action Plan with preliminary trials from 2017 onwards, and pre-commercial trials from 2018. Likely bands are 3400-3800 MHz and 24.25-27.5 GHz (see pioneer band discussion) and many more …

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