CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE STUDY FOR TEST #3

PRIZE!! PRIZE!! PRIZE!! Correctly answer the questions on the last slide and receive the prize to the right.

HOW CAN YOU IDENTIFY AN ELEMENT? ALL ELEMENTS BEGIN WITH A CAPITAL LETTER IF AN ELEMENT HAS TWO LETTERS, THE SECOND LETTER IS ALWAYS LOWER CASE

REVIEW THE PROPERTIES OF METALS AND NON-METALS ·METALS Luster—Having a shiny surface or reflecting light brightly · Conductors—Heat and electricity move through them easily · Malleable—Ability to be hammered into different shapes · Ductile—Ability to be drawn into a wire · High density—Heavy for their size, thick

NON-METALS · Dull—Not shiny · Nonconductors—Heat and electricity do not move through them easily · Brittle—Break or shatter easily (solids

PARTS OF AN EQUATION REACTANT PRODUCT THE COEFFICIENT IS THE LARGE NUMBER IN FRONT OF THE ELEMENT.

BALANCED OR UNBALANCED

PHYSICAL CHANGES The matter is the same. ( change in size or shape) The original matter can be recovered. (change in state of matter) The particles of the substance are rearranged. EXAMPLE: MOLDING CLAY

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PHYSICAL PROPERTIESCHEMICAL PROPERTIES BOILING POINTTHE ABILITY TO BURN MELTING POINTTHE ABILITY TO RUST DENSITY COLOR

THE PH SCALE The pH scale measures the strength of an acid. The pH scale involves numerical values that range from 0 to 14. * A pH value of 7 (the midpoint on the scale) is considered to be the neutral point on the scale. * The lower the pH value the more acidic a solution is. * A change of one unit on the pH scale indicates a tenfold change in the concentration of an acid. a)A solution with a pH of 3 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4. b)A solution with a pH of 2 is one hundred times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4. * Most living things function best in environments with a pH between 6.5 and 8.5, a more neutral pH. *The pH of a solution can be measured with LITMUS paper. a) The indicator paper is first dipped into the solution being tested. b) The color of the indicator paper is then matched to a color on a color chart which indicates the appropriate pH of the solution being tested. *

PH SCALE 0-6 ARE ACIDS 8-14 ARE BASES 7 IS NETURAL

WHAT IS THE SMALLEST PARTICLE OF MATTER? AN ATOM

GRAPHING- WHAT INFORMATION CAN YOU GET FROM THIS LINE GRAPH?

MIXTURES A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. substances held together by physical forces, not chemical No chemical change takes place Each item retains its properties in the mixture They can be separated physically HOMOGENOUS- SUBSTANCE IS COMBINED AND YOU CANNOT SEE EACH PART. EXAMPLE: TEA, SALT WATER, OR COFFEE. HETEROGENOUS – SUBSTANCE IS COMBINED AND YOU CAN TAKE IT APART. EXAMPLE- CHEX MIX, PEPPERONI PIZZA, BUTTER PECAN ICR-CREAM.

INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES INDEPENDENT – CAUSE DEPENDENT – EFFECT THE AMOUNT OF WATER WILL INCREASE THE PLANTS GROWTH. WHAT CAUSE THE PLANT TO GROW? – THE AMOUNT OF WATER (INDEPENDENT) WHAT WAS THE EFFECT OF THE WATER – THE PLANT GROWTH (DEPENDENT)

CHEMICAL CHANGES The matter is different. The old matter is no longer present. The original matter cannot be recovered. The particles of the substance are broken apart, and the atoms are rearranged into new particles, forming a new substance. EXAMPLE: FRYING AN EGG

DETERMINE IF THE EQUATIONS ARE BALANCED REMEMBER, WHEN IN DOUBT WORK IT OUT!! 1. Fe +Cl 2 = FeCl C 2 H 4 O 3 + O 2 = 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O PRIZE PAGE!!! SHOW YOUR WORK