Md. Nurul Alam

◦ What is Disaster? ◦ Idea regarding various terminology used in Disaster Management

"When anybody asks me how I can best describe my experience of nearly forty years at sea, I merely say, uneventful. Of course there has been winter gales and storms and fog and the like. But in all my experience, I have never been in any accident of any sort worth speaking about. I have seen but one vessel in distress in all my years at sea... I never saw A wreck and never have been wrecked, nor was I ever in any predicament that threatened to end in disaster of any sort.”

Epidemics Landslide Floods Super Cyclone Earthquake

◦ “The ISDR aims at building disaster resilient communities by promoting increased awareness of the importance of disaster reduction as an integral component of sustainable development, with the goal of reducing human, social, economic and environmental losses due to natural hazards and related technological and environmental disasters” International Strategy For Disaster Reduction (2000 on wards…)

Disaster Management Terminology Terminology

Basic Definitions & Terms LearningObjectives At the end of this session, you should be able to: Define disaster, hazard, risk, vulnerability, capacity, response, relief, rehabilitation, reconstruction, development, mitigation, preparedness and prevention

An event, natural or man-made, sudden or progressive, which impacts with such severity that the affected community has to respond by taking exceptional measures.

Phenomenon or situation, which has the potential to cause disruption or damage to people, their property, their services and environment HAZARD

The condition or sets of conditions that reduces people’s ability to prepare for, withstand or respond to a hazard Vulnerability

The positive condition or abilities which increase a community’s ability to deal with hazards. Capacities

The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction, and proximity to a hazardous area. Risk

Hazard Vulnerability x Disaster Risk Capacity =

Response Actions taken immediately following the impact of a disaster when exceptional measures are required to meet the basic needs of the survivors.

Relief Measures that are required in search and rescue of survivors, as well to meet the basic needs for shelter, water, food and health care.

The process undertaken by a disaster-affected community to fully restore itself to pre- disaster level of functioning. Recovery

Rehabilitation Actions taken in the aftermath of a disaster to: assist victims to repair their dwellings; re-establish essential services; revive key economic and social activities

Reconstruction Permanent measures to repair or replace damaged dwellings and infrastructure and to set the economy back on course.

Development Sustained efforts intended to improve or maintain the social and economic well- being of a community

Mitigation Measures taken prior to the impact of a disaster to minimize its effects (sometimes referred to as structural and non- structural measures).

Preparedness Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath.

Prevention Measures taken to avert a disaster from occurring, if possible (to impede a hazard so that it does not have any harmful effects).

Persons, buildings, crops or other such like societal components exposed to known hazard, which are likely to be adversely affected by the impact of the hazard. Elements at Risk

Exposed Elements Elements at Risk

A broad range of activities designed to:  Prevent the loss of lives  Minimize human suffering  Inform the public and authorities of risk  Minimize property damage and economic loss  Speed up the recovery process Disaster Risk Management

Culture of Prevention & Mitigation Culture of Strategic Thinking Culture of Preparedness Culture of Quick Response Conclusion

Can you describe these situations now?

is a condition or sets of conditions that reduces people’s ability to prepare for, withstand or respond to a hazard

The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction, and proximity to a hazardous area.

Actions taken immediately following the impact of a disaster when exceptional measures are required to meet the basic needs of the survivors.

◦ What is Disaster? ◦ Idea regarding various terminology used in Disaster Management Topic Covered Today

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