Enzymes Unit 3: Notes 3 Chemistry of Life

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells. This makes them a catalyst They act as catalyst and help complex reactions that occur everywhere in life What is an enzyme?

Enzymes are like the robots in an assembly line They grab one or two pieces of a chemical and do a specific job to them, and then release them When their job is done, they move on to the next piece and do the same thing They are little protein robots in your cells What do enzymes do?

1.An enzyme and a substrate are in the same area. -The substrate is the biological molecule that the enzyme will work on. There are four steps in the process of an enzyme at work:

2. The enzyme grabs on to the substrate at a special area called the active site. -Enzymes are very, very specific and don't just grab on to any molecule. -The active site is a specially shaped area of the enzyme that fits around the substrate. -The active site is like the grasping handle of the robot on the assembly line. It can only pick up one part.

3. The substrate is changed. This process is called catalysis. Catalysis is when the substrate is changed. It could be broken down or combined with another molecule to make something new. 4. The enzyme lets go. This is a big deal. When the enzyme lets go, it returns to normal, ready to work on another molecule of substrate. The first molecule is no longer the same. It is now called the product.

hill.com/sites/ /student _view0/chapter2/animation__how _enzymes_work.html An enzyme animation

Just for fun!! dMVRL4oaUo An enzyme video:

Metabolic Enzymes -Our bodies make hundreds of thousands of metabolic enzymes which are responsible for running our body's chemistry. -These enzymes control breathing, thinking, talking, moving, and immunity. Why do our cells need enzymes?

Digestive Enzymes -Digestive enzymes digest food. All food. -Our bodies make digestive enzymes as well, mainly in the pancreas, the stomach, the small intestine, and the mouth. -There are 22 known digestive enzymes with names that end on -ase such as: ~ Amylase (digests carbohydrates); ~ Lipase (digests fats); ~ Protease (digests proteins); ~ Disaccharides (digest sugars).

-Hurler syndrome (abnormal bone structure and developmental delay) -Niemann-Pick disease (babies develop liver enlargement, difficulty feeding, and nerve damage) -Tay-Sachs disease (progressive weakness in a months- old child, progressing to severe nerve damage; the child usually lives only until age 4 or 5) -Gaucher disease (bone pain, enlarged liver, and low platelet counts, often mild, in children or adults) What if your enzymes do not work properly?

Find someone in class and answer the following: 1) What is an enzyme? 2) How enzymes work (enzyme/substrate complex) 3) Why they are important to human life **Be ready to share with the class if you’re called on Get up & at ‘em:

Draw a picture of the steps of the enzyme substrate complex. Include all four steps Label each step- use the words: enzyme, substrate, enzyme substrate complex, changed substrate, releases substrate Use page 52 in the book to help you out Draw a picture:

In your groups, come up with a way to show me the enzyme substrate complex process with a short skit. You have 5 minutes to plan & write down your skit with all of your names on a piece of paper that you will turn in. Be ready to show me your skit! Act It Out!!!