1. 2-4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

2. Chemical Reactions
Process of changing one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
Reactants (what enters a reaction) Products (what is produced)
H2O + CO2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
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3. Activation Energy
Activation energy – energy needed to get a reaction going
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4. Enzymes Catalyst – substance that speed up chemical reactions.
Enzyme – Biological Catalyst. Used in cells to speed up chemical reactions.
Cells use enzymes to speed up chemical reaction by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to get the reaction
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5. Chemical Reactions Activation energy – energy needed to get a reaction
going.
Energy-Absorbing Reaction
Energy-Releasing Reaction
Sugar + O2
Products
Activation
energy
sunlight
Sugar + O2
Activation energy
CO2 + H20
Reactants
CO2 + H2O
Reactants
Products
Won’t occur without constant
source of energy
Occur spontaneously or with a little
“boost”
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6. Enzyme Action
Reactants (could be food you eat)
Lock and key
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10. Examples of Enzymes
Amylase is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates, amylase is an enzyme that breaks starch down into sugar.
Lipase is responsible for breaking down lipids (fats) and the digestion of nutrients in the intestines.
Pepsin breaks down the protein in the food into smaller particles called amino acids
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