PLANES OF MOTION DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENT ANATOMICAL TERMS

ANATOMICAL POSITION  STANDING UPRIGHT, FEET TOGETHER, ARMS HANGING AT SIDES BUT NOT TOUCHING SIDES, PALMS FACING FORWARD, THUMBS OUT  WHY?  ANATOMICAL POSITION IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT IS THE REFERENCE FOR ALL DIRECTIONAL AND MOVEMENT TERMS

PLANES OF MOTION  SAGITTAL PLANE  DIVIDES BODY INTO LEFT AND RIGHT SIDES  FRONTAL PLANE (CORONAL PLANE)  DIVIDES BODY INTO FRONT AND BACK SIDES (ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR)  TRANSVERSE PLANE  DIVIDES BODY INTO UPPER AND LOWER SEGMENTS

PLANES OF MOTION  IN THE SAGITTAL PLANE…  FLEXION: Decrease in the angle between bones or body parts  EXTENSION: Increase or straightening of the angle between bones or body parts  ELEVATION/DEPRESSION OF THE SCAPULA

PLANES OF MOTION  IN THE FRONTAL PLANE…  ADDUCTION: Movement of the limbs towards midline of the body  You are ADDing your arm or leg back to your body  ABDUCTION: Movement of the limbs away from the midline of the body  Aliens are ABDucting your arm or leg from your body  UPWARD ROTATION/DOWNWARD ROTATION OF THE SCAPULA

PLANES OF MOTION  IN THE TRANSVERSE PLANE…  ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT: twisting the torso

DIRECTIONAL / LOCATION TERMS  PRONE: lying face down  SUPINE: lying face up  ANTERIOR: refers to a structure being closer to the front of the body than another structure  POSTERIOR: refers to a structure being closer to the back of the body than another structure

DIRECTIONAL / LOCATION TERMS  MEDIAL: refers to a structure being closer to the midline of the body than another structure  LATERAL: refers to a structure being further from the midline of the body than another structure  SUPERIOR: refers to a structure being closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body  INFERIOR: refers to a structure being closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body

DIRECTIONAL / LOCATION TERMS  SUPERFICIAL: refers to a structure being closer to the surface of the body than another structure  DEEP: refers to a structure being closer to the core than another structure  PROXIMAL: (extremities only) refers to a structure being closer to the root of the limb than another structure  DISTAL: (extremities only) further than the root of the limb than another structure  VENTRAL: towards the front  DORSAL: towards the back

DIRECTIONAL / LOCATION TERMS  UNILATERAL: pertaining to one side of the body  BILATERAL: pertaining to both sides of the body  IPSILATERAL: movement of both upper and lower extremities on the same side of the body  CONTRALATERAL: movement of opposite upper and lower extremities of the body