Operation Desizing Process of Textile Material Textile Finishing Technology SMKN 1 KATAPANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG Kelas X Semester 1

Desizing Process Teknologi dan Rekayasa Before weaving proces,warp of yarn starched to add strength and power friction become highness. Yarn of warp which do not starch the strength of yarn is lowering stength, easy to break so that lessen quality of production efficiency and Fabric. Starch can be obstructive of absorbtion (Hidrofob) in course of scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing so that result of less perfect the process.

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sizing of warp usually use natural starch and synthetic starch depended from his fibre type. Purpose of desizing process is to eliminate starch at yarn of warp ( found on cloth) given at the time of weaving to add his friction endurance and strength to fabric.

Natural starch consist of :  Starch(tapioka), maize (meizena), potato ( farina), grist ( wheat  Protein starch like glue, gelatine, and kasein  Kinds of gum  Starch modification, dextrin Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Sinthetic starch consist of:  PVA ( Polivinil Alcohol), Acrylic, and others  Cellulose Derivat like tylose ( CMC), Hidroksil Ethyl cellulose, and methyl of celullose  Derivat starch like ester starch, eter starch. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Mechanism of desizing process to broken/hidrolized starch become more simple compound like dissolve glucose in water. Mechanism of desizing process Teknologi dan Rekayasa

All kinds of desizing process,there are 5 methode 1. Desizing with exhaust used water Exhaustion methode can be doing more easiest process, fabric soaked in hot water ±35 o C - 40 o C during 24 hour,next process rinsing by hot water then with cool water. Desizing with exhaustion methode can be doing for the type of dissolve easy starch in water like gom, dekstrin, CMC, PVA and others. Reaction of its happened as following : ( C6H10O5)n + nH2O Hidrolized nC6H12O6 starch (amilum) Netral glucose

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 2.Desizing used acid Desizing used acid for example HCl,H 2 SO 4. Acid can be hidrolized starch to through dextrin become dissolve glucose in water, so that is easy to eliminated in washing process. Sour type which used many in course of desizing are sulphate acid ( agueous H 2 SO 4 solution ) and hidrogen chlorida ( aqueous HCl solution). 2(C 6 H 10 O 5 ) + n H 2 O nC 12 H 22 O 6 Starch Glucose

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Procedur operation of desizing process with acid used exhaustion methode Recipe Desizing process HCl: 5 ml/l Wetting agent: 2 ml/l Temperature: at room temperature Time: 60 minute Liquor ratio: 1 : 30 Netralizing Process NH 4 OH: 1 ml/l Temperature: at room temperature Time: 10 minute Liquor ratio: 1 : 30

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Procedur Operation The fabric and chemical agents to weigh and measure as according to calculation of recipe Water and chemical agents prepared as according to liquor ratio at recipe Fabric done by process solution at room of temperature,then stirer to flatten during 60 minute Later; fabric rinsed afterwards process neutralizing during 10 minute Afterwards fabric cleaned by hot water later,then cleaned by chilled water Materials which have cleaned is later;then weigh and measured % reduction of heavy,then its doing test of KI and absorpsion.

Teknologi dan Rekayasa SKEMA PROSES Temperature o C 30 o C Desizing Netralizing Rinsed by hot water and chill water HCl Wetting Agent NH 4 OH (minute Time(minute)

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 3. Desizing used alkali Desizing used alkali,for example NaOH,KOH and other alkali. Desizing process can be done also with caustic soda but need sufficient time, this way seldom be done beside need long time also result of him less perfect. Dissolve starch type with alkali like protein starch, PVA, extract. Its way materials soaked in solution of sodium hydroxide aqueous at room temperature during ± 12 hour, After finish,its materials cleaned by hot water and clean to be chill water,and drying. Alkali which is is usually to be used is NaOH,KOH and other strong alkali. 2 (C 6 H 10 O 5 )n + nH 2 O hidrolisa nC 12 H 22 O 11 Starch (pati) alkali maltose

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 4. Desizing used enzim There are 3 faction of enzima used for the desizing process that is - Enzym Mout / Malt Diastase - Enzym Pancreas of diastase - Enzym Bacterium of diastase In course of desizing with enzyme require to pay attention temperature factor and pH, because at above temperature and pH the energy work of enzym will decrease and result of less perfect. Following mechanism the example of reaction of desizing with enzyme : 2C 6 H 16 O 5 + H 2 0C 12 H Starch Maltose

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Procedur operation of desizing process with enzim used exhaustion methode Recipe Enzim: 3 ml/l NaCl: 1 g/l Temperature: 60 o C Time: 40 minute Liquor ratio: 1 : 30

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Procedure - Materials and chemical agents to weigh as according to calculation of recipe - Water and chemical agents prepared as according to liquor ratio at recipe - Fabric wll be done at solution process with temperature 60 o C,then stirer lto flatten during 40 minute - Then fabric rinsed and cleaned by hot water - Fabric which have cleaned is later,then weigh and measured % reduction of heavy,then doing te test of fabric is test KI and absorpsion.

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Schema Process Rinsed by hot water and cold water Desizing Time(minute) Schema Process of Desizing with Enzim used Exhaustion Methoda Enzim NaCl Temperature o C 60 o C 30 o C

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 5. Desizing used oksidator Desizing with oksidator agents can be done for starch which is is easy to be oxidized by like starch,poliakrilat and etc.For rapid oksidation,always to added by acid or alkali depended from property of chemical agent of oksidator used. Oksidator agent which have used is : Aktivin S,Garam persulfat,Peroksida(H 2 O 2 ), NaBO 3.

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Reaction will happening is Oksidator : H2O → H2O + On H 2 O 2 H 2 O + On (C 6 H 10 O 5 )n On n (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) Starch (amilun) Starch (amilum) With long chainless with short chainless

The manner test of starch type at textile materials: 1.KI test To test by using reactan agents made from solution of KI + solution I 2,was made from 10 g /l KI and l 10 gr I 2 (Yodium) by dissolved in 1 litre water.The result of materials which have been processed by desizing hatched with solution of KJ Jodium will arise colour showing storey,level perfection of result process that is as following : Blue colour of materials shown fabric still contain starch(amilum) Purple colour of materials shown still contain dekstrin Red colour shown materials contain eritrodekstrin Brown colour of materials shown materials contain glucose or akrodekstrin, andmaltosa Blue to greenless of colour shown materials contain PVA of starch Teknologi dan Rekayasa

2. Dabbing test To shown starch like PVA starch 3. % of heavy reduction Shown total amount or percentage weight of loss starch with formula: % PB = First weight fabric – Last weight fabric x 100 % First weight fabric 4.Absorpsion of fabric ( the duration fabric can reserved water) It is shown the duration time of fabric can reserved water (in second). With is way at cloth result of process dripped with water use buret is later;then counted to use stopwatch.