The Water Cycle (Hydrologic Cycle)

The continuous circulation of water through the hydrosphere as solid, liquid, or gas The Process evaporate 1.Radiation from sun causes water to evaporate from lakes, streams, and oceans. 1.Evaporation is liquid water on the surface turning into a gas and moving up into the atmosphere – Water from liquid to gas – 84% of water vapor in atmosphere comes from oceans

condensing 2. Water vapor rises, cooling and condensing into clouds -Condensation is when water molecules come together from a gas into a liquid precipitation 3. Water droplets combine (coalesce) into larger drops that get too heavy fall as precipitation (rain, snow) -Precipitation is when water falls to the surface of the earth

4. Some precipitation stored as glaciers (locked up) runoff 5. If the rain flows over the ground into water it is called runoff and flows back into streams, rivers, oceans -Runoff is water on the surface of the earth that doesn’t get absorbed into the ground groundwater 6. If the rain soaks into the ground (infiltrates) via permeable rock (aquifers) and stored as groundwater and will seep back into ocean. -groundwater is water stored in the ground

7. Some water on land evaporates again via transpiration in plants Transpiration is water leaving leaves of plants Evapotranspiration Evapotranspiration –movement of water into the atmosphere from plants and bodies of water Water is never created nor destroyed, only recycled through the water cycle The water on earth now is the same water from the early earth Naturally purified, natural renewal of water quality

Water Cycle Thirstin's Water Cycle

Characteristics of Water Exists in 3 states of matter Solid at 0 0 C – As ice, snow, hail Liquid at 0 0 C to C – Rain, cloud droplets Evaporates at C+ – Invisible gas

Water Cycle & Phase Changes Condensation – Water vapor  liquid water – Gas (G)  Liquid (L) – Ex: Dew, fog, clouds – Releases heat

Evaporation – Liquid water  water vapor – L  G – Absorbs heat – Cooling process

Deposition – Water vapor  solid ice – G  S – Releases heat Sublimation – Solid  gas – S  G – Heat absorbed

Phases of Water Label each arrow with the correct vocabulary word (melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, deposition) Using the diagram, indicate if energy is gained or lost (Extra Hint ESRT) Heat energy (gained / released)

Latent Heat Heat energy that is absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change

Latent Heat ESRT p1 Properties of Water Know where the energy is gained or lost as water changes its phase Add it to the chart from the previous page

Specific Heat Specific heat is the amount of heat energy that is needed to increase the temperature of a substance by 1 degree

Heating of Different Substances Dark and Rough surfaces tend to absorb heat faster and lose heat faster Light and smooth surfaces tend to reflect heat more ESRT p1 Specific Heats of Different Materials

ESRT p1 Specific Heats of Materials Which substance heats up and cools off the fastest? Why? Which substance heats up and cools off the slowest? Why?