2.                                                                                                                                                                                                           
The Water Cycle

3. The Water Cycle Essential Question:
How does water change state and move around on Earth?
Purpose:
1. Describe the water cycle.
2. Describe the different processes of the water
cycle that occur on Earth.

4. VOCABULARY Word Definition In your own words Picture Water cycle
Evaporation
Transpiration
Sublimation
Condensation
Precipitation

5. What is the Water Cycle?
Movement of water between the atmosphere, land, oceans, and living things makes up the water cycle.

6. Water Flow
Gravity:
Responsible for the precipitation falling from atmosphere.
Water flows downward in rivers, streams and waterfalls
If land is flat form ponds, lakes and marshlands; will collect underground by seeping through soil called groundwater.
Upward movement as water vapor and carried by wind; wind is also responsible for ocean currents.
Visualize pg. 16 of book

7. State Change (not from New Jersey to New York)
Liquid
Solid
Gas

8. How does water change state?
Changes state as energy is released or absorbed
As water absorbs energy from its surroundings, melting, change from solid to liquid.
Water absorbs energy as it evaporates, changes from liquid to gas.
Water absorbs energy from it surroundings, sublimation, from solid to gas.

9. How does water change state?
Water releases energy into its surroundings as it condenses, from gas to liquid.
Water release energy as it freezes, from a liquid to a solid.
Water releases energy as it deposits, from a gas to a solid
NO WATER IS LOST DURING PHASE CHANGES
Do page 17 “Visualize It!”

10. How does water reach the atmosphere?
Water reaches the atmosphere in one of 3 ways:
Evaporation
Transpiration
Sublimation
IT TAKES A LOT OF ENERGY FOR A LIQUID OR SOLID TO TURN INTO WATER VAPOR
Where does the energy come from to change a liquid or a solid to a gas?
The Sun

11. How does water reach the atmosphere?
Evaporation: occurs when liquid water changes to water vapor
90% of water vapor in atmosphere comes from evaporation
Some comes from the land but most comes from oceans
Oceans receive most of solar energy from sun
Transpiration: release of water vapor into the air by plants
Liquid water turns to water vapor inside the plant
Water vapor is released through tiny holes in the plant called the stomata

12. How does water reach the atmosphere?
Sublimation: solid water changes directly to water vapor without becoming a liquid first
Occurs when wind blows over ice or snow
Low pressure
Very cold
Small amount of water in the atmosphere comes from sublimation
#9 page 18

13. What do A, B, and C represent?

14. What happens to water in the atmosphere?
Water reaches the atmosphere as water vapor
To leave must change to liquid or solid
WHY?
Liquid or solid can fall to Earth’s surface

15. What happens to water in the atmosphere?
Condensation: change in state of water from gas to liquid
Occurs when water is cooled enough
Latches on small particles to little balls or droplets of water
Droplets float in air as clouds, fog or mist
On ground will condense as dew.

16. What happens to water in the atmosphere?
Precipitation: any form of water that falls to Earth from the clouds
Droplets “stick” together to become larger and fall to surface
4 common types: rain, sleet, snow, hail
Most falls in oceans—why?
Where most of water evaporates from
How does precipitation fall on land?
Winds carry clouds from ocean over land
Pg and 11

17. How does water move on land and in the oceans?
After water falls to the surface, it flows and circulates all over the Earth
Water flows downhill on the surface and underground on land
Most precipitation falls into the ocean; currents move ocean water

18. Runoff and Infiltration
What causes water on land to flow downhill?
Gravity
Streams, rivers and the water that flows over land are types of runoff
Flows downhill toward oceans, lakes, and marshlands
Water on land that seeps into the ground is called infiltration
Flows downhill through soil and rock
Pg.20 #12

19. Ice Flow
Most ice located in Greenland and Antarctica—some stored in glaciers all over Earth
Glaciers:
cover approximately 10% of Earth
Called “Rivers of Ice”
Gravity causes glaciers to flow downhill
May never leave land
May flow to the ocean and break apart to form icebergs

20. Ocean Circulation
Winds move ocean water on the surface in currents over long distances.
If water is cold or salty, water will sink deep into the ocean to help create currents
Surface currents and deep ocean currents transports large amounts of water from ocean to ocean
Pg. 20 #13

21. What does water cycle transport?
Water cycle transports:
energy
How? (Turn and Talk)
matter
How? (Turn and Talk)
Energy is transported through change of state and by water movement.
Matter is transported around world by:
Ocean currents
Rivers
Glaciers
Pg. 21 #15

22. Identify the processes in the picture