1 Institutionalization of Peoples Participation in WRD of Government of Maharashtra Institutionalization of Peoples Participation in WRD of Government of Maharashtra Dr Avinash S Garudkar ME Civil (IIT Roorkee), PhD (IIT Bombay) Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering WALMI, Aurangabad, Maharashtra WALMI, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

If you wish to build a ship, don't start assembling wood, cutting the boards, and distributing the work. But wake in your men the longing for the wide, open seas Antoine de Saint Exupery Antoine de Saint Exupery (French writer, Journalist &Aviator)

Background of Participatory Approach Emergence of Peoples participation 1970 Moved in higher gear in 1980 and 1990 Moved in higher gear in 1980 and 1990 It is complex concept but sustained in developmental process Now all major developmental agencies like FAO, UNICEF, World Bank, etc are latched on to the concept of Participatory Development

Background of Participatory Approach From 1992 the term Stakeholder has emerged for participatory Development. Stakeholders means having a stake in something and resulting commitment and involvement From last decade Participation is also referred as an Empowerment Empowerment means development of skills and abilities to enable people to manage better

5 What is Institutionalizing ? What is Institutionalizing ? Process which translates an organization's code of conduct, mission, policies, vision, and strategic plans into action guidelines applicable to the daily activities of its officers and other employees. It aims at integrating fundamental values and objectives into the organization's culture and structure

Necessity of Institutionalization In India the share of water for agriculture, domestic and industrial sector in 1990 was 92%, 5% and 3% respt. In 2000 it changed to 86 %, 8 % and 6% respectively (Ref: FAO, 2006; FAO, 2007) In Feb 2012, the share of water for agriculture was 80% This indicates diversion of water from irrigation to other sectors (mainly domestic and industrial)

Necessity of Institutionalization In May 2011 the population of the country was 1210 Million (M) and food grain produce was Million Tonnes (MT) The population is expected to be 1333 M by the year 2025 and 1581 M by 2050 Accordingly the projected food grain demand would be 320 MT and 494 MT in 2025 and 2050 respectively This indicates that more food grain should be produced to feed constantly growing population

Necessity of Institutionalization To meet various water demands of constantly growing population: Create more storages by constructing new dams More area should be brought under irrigation However site availability / financial constraints - limit the construction of new dams Creating additional area under irrigation is difficult Hence optimal and efficient use of available water and land resources is necessary

Necessity of Institutionalization Challenges of WR Management ? More food production with existing irrigated area More food production with available water Command area is heterogeneous Therefore it is necessary to manage these scarce resources efficiently with structural and non structural measures Involvement of Stakeholders is very effective non structural measure for efficient use of water Involvement of Stakeholders is very effective non structural measure for efficient use of water

Institutional Framework of WRD of Maharashtra 10

Institutional Framework of Maharashtra Maharashtra Water Resources Regulatory Authority : To regulate water resources of the state as per State Water Policy, Integrated State Water Plan etc Water Resources Department: Construction & management of major, medium and minor projects ( More than 250 ha irrigable area) Water Conservation Department: Construction and management of minor irrigation schemes with irrigable area (100 to 250 ha irrigable area) 11

Institutional Framework of Maharashtra Institutional Framework of Maharashtra ………….Continue Zilla Parishad ( Ministry of Rural Development) Construction of minor irrigation schemes below 100 ha irrigable area Ground Water Survey and Development Agency (Ministry of Water Supply and Sanitation) Responsible for ground water development and management of the state 12

13 Central Design and Dam Safety Organization Maharashtra Engineering Research Institute (MERI) Maharashtra Engineering Training Academy (META) Directorate of Irrigation Research and Development Vigilance and Quality Control Mechanical Organization Maharashtra Water Resources Development Centre Water & Land Management Institute (WALMI) Water & Land Management Institute (WALMI) Supporting Organizations to WRD

Reforms in Maharashtra Irrigation Management Practices 14

Important Reforms in Maharashtra Formulation of State Water Policy River Basin Organizations Enactment of various legislations for WRM MWRRA 2005 & MMISF Act 2006 Use of Performance Evaluation Tools Benchmarking & Water Auditing 15

Provisions in State Water Policy The state will restructure the fundamental roles and relationships of the state & the water users The state will empower WUA to participate fully in Water Resources Management and grant them stable and predictable water use entitlements The state will enact appropriate legislation and enabling rules to give effect to its water policy (MWRRA Act & MMISF Act have been enacted) 16

17 Tapi Basin 17% West Flowing Rivers 10 % Narmada Basin 0.5% Godavari Basin 49.5 % Krishna Basin 23% Formation of Basin wise Irrigation Corporations

Maharashtra Water Resources Regulatory Authority (MWRRA) Act, 2005 Objectives To regulate water resources of the state as per State Water Policy, Integrated State Water Plan, and Directives of Government of Maharashtra To facilitate and ensure judicious, equitable and sustainable management, allocation and utilization of water resources To determine, issue, enforce and monitor Water Use Entitlements 18

Maharashtra Management of Irrigation Systems by Farmers Acts 2005 (MMISF Act 2005) Objectives To transfer irrigation management to WUA To promote and secure equitable distribution of water through volumetric measurement. To ensure efficient & economical utilization of water to optimize agricultural production. To safeguard & promote the common interests of the members of WUA 19

Highlights of MMISF Act 2005 Water supply for irrigation through WUAs only. No individual sanctions. Four types of Water Users Associations (WUA) to be established on every project namely— 1) Minor level Water Users Association (WUA) 2) Distributary Level Association (DLA) 3) Canal Level Association (CLA) and 4) Project Level Association (PLA) 20

Highlights of MMISF Act, 2005 …… Continue Volumetric supply of water through WUA Time bound programme for executing Agreements & joint inspection, rehabilitation and handing over. PIP to be done by PLA. Freedom of crops and encouragement to recycle & reuse of irrigation water. Permission to conjunctive use of surface and ground water 21

Highlights of MMISF Act, 2005 …… Continue Powers to WUA to decide water charges and service taxes in their jurisdiction. Volumetrically measured bulk water supply from Water Resources Department to WUA on subsidized water rates 22

Expected Benefits of the MMISF Act Encouragement to the farmers to adopt improved irrigation techniques and methods Feeling of own ness about the project. This will result into efficient water use. Increase in on farm efficiency Conveyance efficiency and overall project efficiency of water distribution network is expected to rise Increase in irrigated area 23

Level of Participation in IWM Minor Level WUA (MLA) Distributaries Level Association (DLA) Canal Level Association (CLA) Project Level Association (PLA) Lift Irrigation WUA (LI WUA)

Benchmarking A Systematic process for securing continuous improvement of the irrigation system through comparison with targets, norms and standards Water Audit A systematic and scientific examination of water accounts for comparison of planned and actual water use. 25 Benchmarking and Water Auditing

Stages of WR Project Planning Planning Design Design Execution Execution Management Management

Institutionalization at Planning Stage MWRRA apex agency in Maharashtra MWRRA apex agency in Maharashtra River Basin Plans are prepared and uploaded on websites/ Published in News Papers / informed in Meetings River Basin Plans are prepared and uploaded on websites/ Published in News Papers / informed in Meetings Objections are invited and considered Objections are invited and considered

Institutionalization of Management Stage MMISF 2005 act in Maharashtra MMISF 2005 act in Maharashtra As per Co operative act 1960 and MMISF act 3066 Societies are functioning in the State covering lakh ha CCA (Feb 2016) As per Co operative act 1960 and MMISF act 3066 Societies are functioning in the State covering lakh ha CCA (Feb 2016) About 2000 Societies are in process of formation ( Registered but no agreement or Agreement done but not functioning) covering 8 lakh ha CCA (Feb 2016) About 2000 Societies are in process of formation ( Registered but no agreement or Agreement done but not functioning) covering 8 lakh ha CCA (Feb 2016)

Institutionalization of Design and Development? Lot of research in the world / IIT / NIT /… Lot of research in the world / IIT / NIT /… No research gap in WRE No research gap in WRE Adoption by WRD’s in the state is very less Development of Framework is necessary

Institutionalization of IWRM Equitable sharing of water resources within basins ? Similar issues are common in many river basins around the world Similar issues are common in many river basins around the world The term equity has many dimensions viz. Area, Population, Riparian Rights, Actual Needs etc Development of Framework is necessary In Maharashtra MWRRA is dealing with this area

Thank You U R Welcome to Contact: Dr Avinash S Garudkar E mail: rediffmail. com Mobile: Office : Ext 231