Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 45.1 The Human Body Plan.

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 45.1 The Human Body Plan

Definitions Anatomy vs. Physiology Anatomy: the science of the shape and structure of organisms and their parts Physiology: the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts

Homeostasis When an organism regulates its internal environment to stabilize health and functioning

Biological Structural Organization

Organ Systems 1. Skeletal 2. Muscular 3. Integumentary 4. Circulatory 5. Respiratory 6. Immune 7. Digestive 8. Excretory 9. Nervous 10. Endocrine 11. Reproductive

Organs and Organ Systems Organ System: group of organs interacting to perform functions Organ: consists of various tissues that work together to carry out a specific function Tissue: a collection of cells that are similar in structure and that work together to perform a particular function

Body Cavities Many organs and organ systems in the human body are housed in compartments called body cavities Body cavities protect organs from injuries Five Main Body Cavities: Cranial cavity-brain Spinal cavity-spinal cord Thoracic cavity-heart, esophagus, and respiratory organs Abdominal cavity-digestive organs Pelvic cavity-reproductive and excretory organs Diaphragm- wall of muscle that separates the 2 main cavities in the trunk (thoracic and abdominal)

Body Cavities 1-Cranial Cavity 2-Spinal Cavity 3-Diaphragm 4-Thoracic Cavity 5-Abdominal Cavity 6-Pelvic Cavity