THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: MALE & FEMALE ANATOMY

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: A system that produces haploid sex cells called gametes ( egg & sperm)

The male:

Male reproductive system Ureter bladder Seminal Vesicle Rectum Prostate Gland Penis Vas Deferens Epididymis TestesUrethra Scrotum

TESTES: the male organs that produce sperm cells and the hormone Testosterone Located inside a sac called the scrotum EPIDIDYMIS TESTIS SCROTUM

SCROTUM: located outside the body -protects the testes - keeps them slightly cooler than body temperature - important for sperm cell development & survival.

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES: Tightly coiled tubules that give the testes their shape. Seminiferous tubules It is also where sperm is produced.

SPERM: Small, motile gametes produced in the testes and used for reproduction - ~ 700 million produced each day head Middle section Tail (flagellum)

EPIDIDYMIS: A coiled tube that lies alongside each testis inside the scrotum. It is where sperm is stored until it is matured.

VAS DEFERENS: A duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct & urethra. It is the structure that is cut during a vasectomy.

EJACULATORY DUCT & URETHRA Empties into the urethra. Passes through the penis and carries semen and urine but at different times

PENIS: (surrounds the urethra) Made of spongy erectile tissue that expands when filled with blood. Propels semen (containing sperm, fructose & other fluids made by the prostate gland) during ejaculation. Semen also cleanses the urethra

PATHWAY OF SPERM OUT OF BODY testis epididymis Vas deferens Ejaculatory duct penis urethra BLADDER

Reproductive system - female

The female reproductive system: Ovary Uterus Cervix Vagina Labia Fallopian Tubes

The ovary: The female organ that usually releases one ovum (egg) a month Produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Contains about 400,000 follicles which is where the egg develops and matures.

Fallopian tubes: Pathway through which an egg travels to the uterus. Fertilization occurs here. Structure that is cut/tied during a tubal ligation.

Uterus: Muscular, pear-shaped organ where the fetus develops. Inner layer called the endometrium where fertilized egg plants itself. Cervix connects the uterus to the vagina

Vagina: * Tube shaped organ that opens to the outside of the body * Serves as the birth canal where the baby exits the body. * Receives the penis during intercourse - it is also where sperm enters.

Pathway of sperm during intercourse: Fallopian tubes uterus cervix vagina

Pathway of egg : Fallopian tubes Uterus If fertilized, implants in uterine wall. If not, discharged with uterine wall during menstruation.