"Olympic Village" Citius, Altius, Fortius ( faster, higher, stronger ) « МБОУ «Корочанская СОШ им.Д.К.Кромского» г.Короча Белгородская область Учитель Морозова Светлана Георгиевна 2014

Ancient Games Modern Games

Ancient Olympic Games The ancient Olympic Games were celebrated in the summer every four years in the sanctuary of the god Zeus at Olympia. The history of the games dates from 776 B.C. The first day of the festival was devoted to sacrifices. On other days wrestling, boxing, and the pancratium, a combination of the two, were held. Horse racing, pentathlon, a series of five events: wrestling, discus throwing, javelin hurling, long jumping, and sprinting were added later. The ancient Olympic Games reached the height of their popularity in the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. In about ad 393 Roman emperor Theodosius I suppressed them. Stadium at Olympia Ruins at OlympiaDiscobolus

Zeus Zeus In Greek mythology Zeus was ruler of both the Olympian gods and the human race. He was lord of the sky, the rain god, and the cloud gatherer. Zeus presided over the gods on Mount Olympus in Thessaly (Thessalia). Zeus was the youngest son of the Titans Cronus and Rhea and the brother of the deities Poseidon, Hades, Hestia, Demeter, and Hera. Ancient Greeks held the Olympian Games every four years to celebrate and honor Zeus, the protector and ruler of mortals and the Olympian family of gods. The Greek sculptor Phidias created the Statue of Zeus in about 435 B.C. The statue stood in Olympia and was perhaps the most famous sculpture in ancient Greece.

Modern Olympic Games Olympic Games (modern), international sports competition, held every four years at a different site, in which athletes from different nations compete against each other in a variety of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. The modern Olympic Games began in Athens, Greece, in 1896, two years after French educator Pierre de Coubertin proposed that the Olympic Games of ancient Greece be revived to promote a more peaceful world. The program for the 1896 Games, including only summer events (the Winter Olympics were not established until 1924), included about 300 athletes from fewer than 15 countries competing in 43 events in nine different sports. By contrast, when the Summer Olympics returned to Athens in 2004, more than 10,000 athletes from 202 countries competed in 28 different sports. Baron Pierre de Coubertin

International Olympic Committee The Olympic Games are administered by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), which is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. The IOC was created in 1894 in Paris, France, as an independent committee selecting its own members. The IOC’s first president, Demetrius Vikelas of Greece (served ), was succeeded by Coubertin himself ( ). The other IOC presidents have been Count Henri de Baillet-Latour of Belgium ( ), J. Sigfrid Edstrom of Sweden ( ), Avery Brundage of the United States ( ), Michael Morris, Lord Killanin, of Ireland ( ), Juan Antonio Samaranch of Spain ( ), and Jacques Rogge (2001- ) of Belgium. Juan Antonio Samaranch

Olympic Ceremonies Lighting the Olympic FlameOlympics Opening Ceremony The torch is lit in Olympia, Greece, and is carried over several weeks or months from there to the host city. The last runner lights the Olympic Flame in the main Olympic stadium. The opening ceremony includes the parade of nations, in which the teams from each nation enter the main stadium as part of a procession. The Greek team always enters first.

“The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part....The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well.” Pierre de Coubertin ( ) SUMMER WINTER PARALYMPIC

Summer Olympics 1896 Athens, Greece 1900 Paris, France 1904 St.Louis, USA 1908 London, England 1912 Stockholm, Sweden 1920 Antwerp, Belgium 1924 Paris, France 1928 Amsterdam, Netherland 1932 Los Angeles, USA 1936 Berlin, Germany 1948 London, England 1952 Helsinki, Finland 1956 Melbourne, Australia 1960 Rome, Italy 1964 Tokyo, Japan 1968 Mexico City, Mexico 1972 Munich, Germany 1976 Montreal, Canada 1980 Moscow, USSR 1984 Los Angeles, USA 1988 Seoul, South Korea 1992 Barcelona, Spain 1996 Atlanta, USA 2000 Sydney, Australia 2004 Athens, Greece 2008 Beijing, China 2012 London, England

Summer Olympic Medal Sports Aquatics: diving, swimming, synchronized swimming, water polo, canoeing/kayaking, flatwater, rowing, sailing/yachting Athletics (Track and Field), modern pentathlon Cycling: mountain bike, road, track Equestrian: dressage, eventing, jumping Archery

Badminton Baseball Basketball Boxing Fencing Football Handball Hockey Shooting Softball Table tennis Tennis Triathlon (swimming, cycling, running) Volleyball Weightlifting Gymnastics : artistic, rhythmic, trampoline Martial Arts: judo, taekwondo Wrestling Greco-Roman Modern pentathlon (Trampoline, a form of gymnastics, was first contested at the Olympic Games in 2000.) The sport of modern pentathlon consists of pistol shooting, fencing, swimming, an equestrian event, and cross- country running. All five events take place on the same day.

Summer Olympics 2004 Athens Participant Abbreviation GoldSilverBronzeTotal United StatesUSA ChinaCHN RussiaRUS AustraliaAUS JapanJPN Olympic Gold Medal The International Olympic Committee awards gold, silver, and bronze medals for first-, second-, and third-place finishes in Olympic competition.

Summer Olympics 2008 Beijing Participant Abbreviation GoldSilverBronzeTotal ChinaCHN United States USA RussiaRUS United Kingdom UK

Winter Olympics The Winter Olympic Games were first held as a separate competition in 1924 at Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, France. From that time until 1992, they took place the same year as the Summer Games. Beginning with the 1994 the Winter Games were rescheduled to occur in the middle of the Olympic cycle. The 1924 Winter Games included 14 events in five different sports. By comparison, the program for the 2002 Winter Games, held in Salt Lake City, included more than 75 events in 15 different sports. Opening ceremony of the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway.

1924 Chamonix, France 1928 St.Moritz, Switzerland 1932 Lake Placid, USA 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 1948 St.Moritz, Switzerland 1952 Oslo, Norway 1956 Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy 1960 Squaw Valley, USA 1964 Insbruck, Austria 1968 Grenoble, France 1972 Sapporo, Japan Winter Olympics 1976 Insbruck, Austria 1980 Lake Placid, USA 1984 Saraevo, Yugoslavia 1988 Calgary, Canada 1992 Albertville, France 1994 Lillehammer, Norway NB! 1998 Nagano, Japan 2002 Salt Lake City, USA 2006 Turin, Italy 2010 Vancuver, Canada 2014 Sochi, Russia

Winter Olympic Medal Sports Biathlon Bobsledding Bobsleigh Curling Ice Hockey Luge Skeleton Skating Figure skating Short-track speed skating Speed skating

Skiing Cross country Freestyle Nordic combined Ski jumping Snowboard Alpine

Winter Olympics 2006 Turin (Italy)

Paralympic Games Paralympic Games, athletic competition for people with disabilities: amputees, impaired vision, cerebral palsy. The Paralympic Games originated in 1948 at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England. They were the outcome of work that had begun with the general rehabilitation of military veterans who suffered spinal injuries in World War II ( ). The inspiration behind the Paralympics came from Ludwig Guttman, a Jewish neurologist and refugee from Nazi Germany. Tony Volpentest Volpentest, who was born without hands or feet, uses high-tech prosthetic feet for his sprinting races. He won gold medals in the 100m and 200m dashes in Atlanta, 1996.

Paralympic Games Beginning in 1952 the Paralympics were staged in Olympic years. In 1960 the first official Paralympic Games took place in Rome, Italy, where 23 nations and 400 athletes competed. Winter Paralympics were first held in In 1992 in Barcelona, Spain, 3,500 athletes from 82 nations competed at the Summer Paralympics. The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games were held in Sydney, Australia, and the 2004 Games were held in Athens, Greece. At the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia.Marla Runyan (3375), Suzy Favor Hamilton, left, and Russian Lyudmila Rogachova, center. (1,500m)-blind girls.

Paralympic Medal Sports Track events at the Summer Paralympics include the 100-meter, 200-meter, 400-meter, 800-meter, 1,500-meter, 5,000-meter, and 10,000-meter races. The 4 ? 100 and 4 ? 400 relays are also held. The field events are discus, javelin, shot put, high jump, and long jump. Other sports include archery, basketball, boccie (lawn bowls), bowling, cycling, equestrian events, fencing, goalball, judo, sailing, soccer, shooting, swimming, table tennis, tennis, volleyball, weightlifting, and wheelchair rugby. Events at the Winter Paralympics include Alpine and Nordic skiing, ice-sledge hockey, ice-sledge racing, and biathlon. The Paralympics are recognized and supported by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).

Questions & Tasks Why do you think the Olympic Games are called so ? What year does the history of ancient games date from ? When and where did the modern Olympics begin ? How often are they held ? What is the Olympic motto? What types of Olympics do you know ? Name some Olympic medal sports. Do you know if there were Olympic Games in Russia? When and where were the last Summer Olympics? What are the results of Russian team? Do you know any Russian Olympic champions?