Spanish Energy Companies IES Santamarca

OBJECTIVES FOR THE MAIN SPANISH ENERGY COMPANIES TO REDUCE HAZARDOUS EMISSIONS AND THE ACTIONS NEEDED TO ACHIEVE THOSE OBJECTIVES

Endesa OBJECTIVES: At the end of 2008, the emissions produced by ENDESA WERE In 1990 ENDESA´s carbon emissions were meassured at 695 g of CO2/kWh. By 2008 their emissions had droped considerably Their new levels of 352 g of CO2/kWh, represented a more than 50% drop in tons of carbon emitted. In Spain, emissions were 39.7 million tons MEASURES. Active participation in the development of new forms of renewable energy, leadership in new technological developments that will lead to lower CO2 emissions and a change to the current energy model, involves the development of one of 12 European projects for carbon capture and storage (CCS ), the development of combined cycles and the installation of peak capacity, among other programs of action.; development opportunities related to energy efficiency and cogeneration in all areas of the electricity business, leadership in the development of a sustainable model of transport, based on electric vehicles. Developing a portfolio for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) would allow one to reinforce its leadership in this market, ensuring the coverage of their emissions and also generating a surplus.

Repsol OBJECTIVES Reduce emissions by 2.5 million tons of CO2 between 2005 and MEASURES Sulfur Oxides: using cleaner fuels and use sulfur recovery systems. Nitrogen Oxides: replace combustion engines with electric motors from the next generation and control the operating conditions. Volatile non-metallic compounds: reduce emissions and create new storage systems by renovating the fuel storage plant. CO2: CO2 capture and storage (CCS), identify and neutralize large sources of carbon invest in R + D + I and increase surveillance.

Cepsa OBJECTIVES * Improving energy efficiency and reduce primary energy demand by 20%. * Use renewable energy to meet the demand of 20% of total primary energy * Reduce emission of GHGs by 20%. In 2008 the Company's CO2 emissions were 6144 kilotonnes MEASURES * Promote the use of renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and commercialize clean energy. * Improve carbon capture and storage. * In 2008 they dedicated 3163 hours to training their employees about better enviormental practices.

Enagas MEASURES Projects to improve boil-off recovery in regasificationn plants by installing compressors and relicuadores. Elimination of natural gas emissions and the start of the new forms of energy. Use watertight closures for quick opening vents in the pipeline positions. Implement gas commissioning procedures to avoid or reduce methane emissions Conservation projects and energy efficiency in the Almendralejo compression station and the Huelva plant