Unit 8 Day 3 (Pearl Harbor) Quote: “I fear all we have done is to have awoken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve.” - Adm. Isoroko Yamamoto IJN Focus Question(s): What was the impact of the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor Specified Content: Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor State Standards: Strand 1 Concept 8 PO 2

Pearl Harbor December 7 th 1941: Japanese naval forces launch an attack against the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor Hawaii. The attack unified the nation and gave the US a reason to enter World War 2. December 8 th the US formally declared war on Japan. December 11 th, Germany declares war on the US.

06:00, the first wave of Japanese planes (185) take off from their aircraft carriers. They use a Hawaiian radio station to help with their navigation.

At 06:45, a US destroyer attacks and sinks a small Japanese submarine outside Pearl Harbor. The American commander at Pearl Harbor does not believe the message.

07:15, radar operators pick up incoming planes on the radar screens. When they call it in they are told “don’t worry about it”.

07:33, American code-breakers intercept a message telling Japanese diplomats in Washington, D.C. to break off talks with US and destroy code books and cypher. FDR orders a message sent to all US commands in the Pacific warning that war is imminent.

07:55, first bombs fall on Pearl Harbor. Message goes out “AIR RAID ON PEARL HARBOR. THIS IS NOT DRILL”. The Japanese planes target the US battleships and US airfields.

08:00, twelve Army B-17 bombers arriving from California arrive at Pearl Harbor. Their guns had been removed to save weight on the long flight and they are out of gas.

08:10, a massive explosion engulfs the USS Arizona. She sinks in 9 minutes with 1,177 sailors on board. 08:30, the first wave of the attack ends.

08:30-09:00, the first wave leaves most of the US battleships on fire and sinking with only the USS Nevada trying to get under way. Most of the airfields are heavily damaged. About 20 US planes get airborne to try and fight back.

09:00, second attack wave (170 planes) arrives targeting any remaining ships and airfields.

09:45, the attack on Pearl Harbor is over. Rescue operations begin immediately.

By the end of the day; 18 ships will be sunk or damaged, 164 airplanes destroyed on the ground, and 2,388 men killed. (48 civilians were also killed)