Chapter One Looking at the Earth

Section One: The Five Themes Of Geography Location – where Location – where Place – characteristics Place – characteristics Region – group by similarities Region – group by similarities Movement – how people, goods and ideas move Movement – how people, goods and ideas move Human-Environment Interaction – how we adapt to the world around us Human-Environment Interaction – how we adapt to the world around us

Location Absolute location – exact coordinates Absolute location – exact coordinates Latitude – measure north & south, equatorLatitude – measure north & south, equator Longitude – measure east & west, prime meridianLongitude – measure east & west, prime meridian combine to form a gridcombine to form a grid Relative location – using landmarks to describe Relative location – using landmarks to describe

Place Physical characteristics Physical characteristics LandformsLandforms Bodies of waterBodies of water ClimateClimate Human characteristics Human characteristics CultureCulture Man made structuresMan made structures Man made bordersMan made borders

Region Formal – limited characteristics Formal – limited characteristics Ex. Northeast U.S.Ex. Northeast U.S. Functional – interaction connections Functional – interaction connections Ex. Houston / SuburbsEx. Houston / Suburbs Perceptual – commonly accepted Perceptual – commonly accepted Ex. The Midwest U.S.Ex. The Midwest U.S.

Movement Goods Goods People People Ideas Ideas Language / WritingLanguage / Writing Travelers Travelers Television Television Cell phones Cell phones Newspapers Newspapers Books Books Internet Internet

Human-Environment Interaction Extreme Cold Extreme Cold Extreme Heat Extreme Heat Close to the Ocean Close to the Ocean In the Desert In the Desert

Section Two: The Geographers Tools Globes Globes 3-D3-D More accurateMore accurate Not much detailNot much detail Maps Maps 2-D2-D PortablePortable More detailedMore detailed Has distortionHas distortion

Mapmaking Cartographers are mapmakers Cartographers are mapmakers The surveying process The surveying process Field survey – observe, measure, and recordField survey – observe, measure, and record Remote sensing – using aerial photos or satellite imagesRemote sensing – using aerial photos or satellite images

Geographic Info Systems (GIS) Satellites Satellites Landsat - Scan the earth and pick up general dataLandsat - Scan the earth and pick up general data GOES - Weather patterns and predictionGOES - Weather patterns and prediction Global Positioning System (GPS) Global Positioning System (GPS) Navstars – 24 satellites that can give lat./long./altitude/time of a receiverNavstars – 24 satellites that can give lat./long./altitude/time of a receiver