RELIGIONS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

JUDAISM Founded by Hebrews who lived in Palestine God: Yahweh Holy Book: Torah Ten Commandments Covenent: Obey God’s commandments and he will protect you

Zoroastrianism Founded by Zoroaster of the Persian Empire Earth is a battle ground for good vs. evil Each person is judged by their support for the forces of good or evil Still practiced in Iran and India (Parsis)

Hinduism Developed in India after the Aryan invasion Major dieties: Brahman, Vishnu, Shiva Sacred writing is found in the Vedas and Upanishads Believers seek “perfect understanding” – moksha Reincarnation and Karma

Buddhism Originated in India Founded by Siddartha Gautama Selfish desires causes suffering Believers seek a relief from suffering Teaching based on the Four Noble Truths To attain reach Nirvana one must follow the Eight Fold Path

Four Noble Truths Life is full of suffering. The cause of suffering is selfish desire. The way to end suffering is to end desires. To attain enlightenment and end suffering, one must follow the Eight Fold Path.

Confucianism Not really a religion it is a Belief System No gods Based on Five Basic Relationships Stresses the importance of family and filial piety (respect for parents, elders and ancestors) The goal is to create order and harmony. Stresses the importance of education. Analects – writings that contains the teachings of Confucius

Daoism Founded by Laozi Emphasis on becoming part of the natural harmony of nature All humans should follow Dao (the way) Dao De Jing – the teachings and ideas of Laozi

Legalism Concerned with laws, maintaining order, and government Believed in a highly efficient and powerful government to restore order to China after the Period of Warring States Emphasized duty and obedience There was harsh punishment for those that did not support the government Did not support scholars or education