Aim: How can we review for the final on Thursday and Friday? Do Now: Two plant species are living close to each other. What are two things that these two species might compete over? HW: Finish Review sheet questions. Final Thurs and Fri

Plant competition What are 2 things that plants compete with other plants for?

Food Web Producer: ________ Primary Consumer _________ Secondary Consumer __________ Tertiary Consumer ____________

Subdivisions of Biology Evolution Genetic change over generations Organisms best fit for their environment and food will survive Link

Ecological Succession

Pioneer Species - Weeds

Grasses

Shrubs and Bushes

Forest Climax Community

Relationships between organisms Mutualism – both organisms benefit Parasitism – one is hurt, the other benefits Commensalism – one benefits, the other is not affected Bee and flower Fish and tongue eating louse Barnacles and whale

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Largest groups Smallest groups and most closely related to each other

Selective Breeding Used to make new varieties of a species (Dog)

Cloning and Genetic Engineering The genetic material in the nucleus of the new cells is most likely: a. identical to that in the original body cell b. identical to that in the original egg cell c. 50% the same as the original body cell and 50% the same as the original egg cell d. 25% the same as the original body cell and 75% the same as the original egg cell

Chromosomal mutation Nondisjunction Mistake made during meiosis Gamete has an extra chromosome Down’s Syndrome caused by extra 21 st chromosome

Rules for DNA You can get the “message” in DNA by only reading one of the strands Each base has a complementary base that it binds to A ONLY binds to T G ONLY binds to C AT Garden City Base pairs

DNA REPLICATION

Mutations How are mutations inherited? When the mutation is found in the gamete (sex cell) What materials can increase the chances of a mutation? Mutagenic Agents, X-Rays, Ultraviolet Light, Radioactive substances

Aim: How can we review for the final on Thursday and Friday? Do Now: What process is carried out by mitochondria? What process is carried out by chloroplasts? HW: Final Tomorrow and Friday

Pedigree Charts How many children did the original parents have? How many grandchildren have the disease?

Cell Parts Which cell part directs activities of the cell? Two cell parts that make this a plant cell and NOT an animal cell?

TWO TYPES OF RESPIRATION Aerobic Respiration OXYGEN (O2) is needed to make energy One sugar molecule makes 36 molecules of ATP Takes place in mitochondria Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + 36 ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + 36 ATP

Why are trees important? How can we reduce the amount of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

ATOM CELL MOLECULE ORGAN TISSUE ORGAN SYSTEM MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM CELL PARTS (ORGANELLES)

Which molecule represents an enzyme?

What is the optimal pH for intestinal protease? Remember: Enzymes end in -ase

Organic Vs. Inorganic Molecules ORGANIC Molecule that contains BOTH Carbon and Hydrogen INORGANIC Molecule that DOES NOT contain BOTH Carbon and Hydrogen TOGETHER

How do we know that this is an example of asexual reproduction?

Photosynthesis a. In addition to sunlight and chlorophyll, what are the 2 materials that a plant needs to carry out photosynthesis? b. Identify 1 labeled part that carries out photosynthesis c. Identify one product that results from photosynthesis.

PROPERTIES OF ALL LIVING THINGS 2. All Living things must carry out all 8 Life Processes Life processes are what living things must carry out to remain alive Metabolism is all of the chemical reactions that allow an organism to carry out the 8 life processes N-E-T-S-G-R-R-R!!!!

2. All Living things must carry out all 8 Life Processes 7. RESPOND TO STIMULI (REGULATE) To react to changes internally or in the environment in order to maintain homeostasis HOMEOSTASIS Keeping conditions inside the organism the same

2. All Living things must carry out all 8 Life Processes 4. SYNTHESIS To take simple materials and make larger products

What do the following body systems do? Skeletal ________________ Skeletal Muscular ________________ Nervous System ________________ Endocrine System ________________ Circulatory System ________________

What do the following body systems do? Respiratory System ________________ Digestive System ________________ Excretory System ________________ Reproductive System ________________

Finding Volume using Water Displacement Volume of rock = __________mL Low Power What would you see if you switched to high power? High Power

Line Graph Shows how dependent variable changes. Usually over time