VIRUSES

F I. Definition F A. A virus is a small, nonliving particle that invades and reproduces inside a living cell. F B. A virus is a parasite that invades a host. F I. Definition F A. A virus is a small, nonliving particle that invades and reproduces inside a living cell. F B. A virus is a parasite that invades a host.

Hosts and parasites F Host - living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or other organism F Parasite - organism that lives on or in a host F Host - living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or other organism F Parasite - organism that lives on or in a host

Viruses F AAAACHOOOOOO! AAAACHOOOOOO! F VIRUS ATTACK VIRUS ATTACK F AAAACHOOOOOO! AAAACHOOOOOO! F VIRUS ATTACK VIRUS ATTACK

Information to put on card  your name________ F Using your notes answer the following: F What is a virus? F How does a virus infect a cell and what does it do once it inside the cell? F Find your specific cell or specific virus F Grade - 1 = not clear, did not understand F 2 = clear, good understanding F 3 = very clear ; very good understanding F Reviewer’s name_________________  your name________ F Using your notes answer the following: F What is a virus? F How does a virus infect a cell and what does it do once it inside the cell? F Find your specific cell or specific virus F Grade - 1 = not clear, did not understand F 2 = clear, good understanding F 3 = very clear ; very good understanding F Reviewer’s name_________________

VIRUSES Ebola virus Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever Ebola virus Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever filovirus family Ebola – like virus

VIRUSES HIV – human immunodeficiency virus CHICKEN POX- varicella zoster

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME AIDS

VIRUSES F i spy my nano eye - how do scientists see viruses i spy my nano eye - how do scientists see viruses F i spy my nano eye - how do scientists see viruses i spy my nano eye - how do scientists see viruses

F III. Shapes and sizes F A. Can be any shape. F B. Smaller than cells. Can’t be seen with light microscopes. F C. Measured in nanometers (one billionth of a meter.) F D. Viruses range from 22 nm in diameter to 250 nm in diameter. F III. Shapes and sizes F A. Can be any shape. F B. Smaller than cells. Can’t be seen with light microscopes. F C. Measured in nanometers (one billionth of a meter.) F D. Viruses range from 22 nm in diameter to 250 nm in diameter.

F IV. Structure F A. Two basic parts: outer coat and inner core. F 1. Outer protein coat = capsid F 2. Inner core of genetic material (DNA or RNA) F B. The capsid has very specific proteins on it to “lock on” to a living cell and infect it. Viruses only infect one type or a few types of cells. F 1. cold viruses target the sinuses F 2. hepatitis targets the liver F 3. rabies targets the brain F IV. Structure F A. Two basic parts: outer coat and inner core. F 1. Outer protein coat = capsid F 2. Inner core of genetic material (DNA or RNA) F B. The capsid has very specific proteins on it to “lock on” to a living cell and infect it. Viruses only infect one type or a few types of cells. F 1. cold viruses target the sinuses F 2. hepatitis targets the liver F 3. rabies targets the brain

F II. Naming viruses F A. Do not use binomial nomenclature (they aren’t alive.) F B. Can be named after the disease it causes, the organism it infects, the place it was first found, or the scientists who discovered it. F II. Naming viruses F A. Do not use binomial nomenclature (they aren’t alive.) F B. Can be named after the disease it causes, the organism it infects, the place it was first found, or the scientists who discovered it.

F V. Multiplication F A. Active viruses F 1. Virus locks onto it’s target cell. F 2. It tricks the cell into letting it inside. F 3. The genetic material goes to the cell’s nucleus. F 4. It takes over the cell and tells the cell to make more virus particles. F 5. The cell makes more and more virus until it bursts open and dies. F V. Multiplication F A. Active viruses F 1. Virus locks onto it’s target cell. F 2. It tricks the cell into letting it inside. F 3. The genetic material goes to the cell’s nucleus. F 4. It takes over the cell and tells the cell to make more virus particles. F 5. The cell makes more and more virus until it bursts open and dies.

F B. Hidden viruses (latent) F 1. The virus locks on and gets inside a cell. F 2. The genetic material becomes part of the host cell’s DNA but it doesn’t take over yet. F 3. Every time the cell reproduces, the viral genes are copied also. F 4. After a while, the virus switches on and causes the cells to make more virus, causing disease. F B. Hidden viruses (latent) F 1. The virus locks on and gets inside a cell. F 2. The genetic material becomes part of the host cell’s DNA but it doesn’t take over yet. F 3. Every time the cell reproduces, the viral genes are copied also. F 4. After a while, the virus switches on and causes the cells to make more virus, causing disease.