1 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

2 What is Matter?  Matter is anything that has mass and volume.  All matter is composed of tiny particles.  Arrangement of these particles determines the state the matter is in.

3 States of matter  Solid- mater that can not flow and has definite volume.  Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows).  Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow.  Plasma – super heated, charged gas which is not naturally occurring on earth.

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5 What state of matter is most easily compressed A) A) Solid B) B) Liquid C) C) Gas D) D) Plasma

6 Which state of matter consists of the least energetic particles A) A) Solid B) B) Liquid C) C) Gas D) D) Plasma

7 Which state of matter can flow, but is not easily compressed? A) A) Solid B) B) Liquid C) C) Gas D) D) Plasma

8 Properties of Matter  Intensive Properties – do not depend on the amount of the substance - color, hardness, temperature, boiling point, melting, point, density  Extensive Properties – depend on how much there is –Mass, volume  Intensive properties can be used to identify a substance, extensive properties cannot

9 The weight of a rock is a(n) _________ property, while its color is __________. A) A) Intensive, extensive B) B) Extensive, intensive

10 Solid Liquid Gas Melt Evaporate Condense Freeze

11 Types of Matter  Pure substance  Mixture

12 Mixtures  Made up of two or more substances together but not joined.  Two types of mixtures  Heterogeneous- mixture is not the same from place to place. - Chocolate chip cookie, gravel, soil.  Homogeneous- same composition throughout; also called solutions. - Kool-aid, air.

13 Properties of Mixtures  Mixtures can always be separated by ordinary physical means such as: - filtration - evaporation - distillation

14 Pure Substances Pure Substances  All particles have the same composition and properties  Two types –Elements –compounds

15 Elements  Made of a single type of particle (atom)  Cannot be broken down by any means into smaller substances  92 naturally occurring elements  Each element represented by a one or two letter symbol on the periodic table

16 Compound  Two or more elements chemically joined together  Can be broken down into elements by chemical reactions  Properties differ from properties of constituent elements

17 Which Is It A) A) Element B) B) Compound C) C) Mixture

18 Which Is It A) A) Element B) B) Compound C) C) Mixture

19 Which Is It A) A) Element B) B) Compound C) C) Mixture