1-1 COLONIALISM AND INDEPENDENCE IN MEXICO Native people and settlers came from Spain Native people and settlers came from Spain Spanish conquest changed the native life Spanish conquest changed the native life What if the Spanish never explored Mexico (region would have been Native American culture) What if the Spanish never explored Mexico (region would have been Native American culture)

1-2 A MEETING OF CULTURES Mexico is built on top of the ruins of the Aztec culture Mexico is built on top of the ruins of the Aztec culture Art history – painted in murals by Jose Orozco and Diego Rivera Art history – painted in murals by Jose Orozco and Diego Rivera Mexico’s ancient cultures are still visible – Mexico is an Aztec name, large mestizo population, architecture Mexico’s ancient cultures are still visible – Mexico is an Aztec name, large mestizo population, architecture

1-3 ECONOMICS: CITIES AND FACTORIES Job opportunities in the cities Job opportunities in the cities Great importance of manufacturing Great importance of manufacturing NAFTA – (North America Free Trade Agreement) helps create new jobs, reduce tariffs on manufactured goods, contribute to economic prosperity NAFTA – (North America Free Trade Agreement) helps create new jobs, reduce tariffs on manufactured goods, contribute to economic prosperity

1-4 MEXICAN LIFE TODAY Challenges –jobs, emigration, education Challenges –jobs, emigration, education Emigrating to U.S. – job opportunities Emigrating to U.S. – job opportunities Importance of education – need for good paying jobs in an industrialized society Importance of education – need for good paying jobs in an industrialized society

Chapter 10 Section 2

2-1 NATIVE AND COLONIAL CENTRAL AMERICA Mayan people built a great civilization in this crossroad region. Mayan people built a great civilization in this crossroad region. What brought about the United Provinces of Central America? When Mexico declared its independence from Spain, the region declared its independence from Mexico. What brought about the United Provinces of Central America? When Mexico declared its independence from Spain, the region declared its independence from Mexico.

2-2 NATIVE AND COLONIAL CARIBBEAN African influence in the Caribbean came from – Africans being forced into slavery to replace the Taino natives. African influence in the Caribbean came from – Africans being forced into slavery to replace the Taino natives. European powers in the region – Spain, France, Britain, Holland, and Denmark all made their wealth in sugar trade European powers in the region – Spain, France, Britain, Holland, and Denmark all made their wealth in sugar trade

2-3 CULTURAL BLENDS Native American and Spanish settlers in Central America Native American and Spanish settlers in Central America Native American, European, African and mixed in the Caribbean Native American, European, African and mixed in the Caribbean

2-4 ECONOMICS: JOBS AND PEOPLE Reasons for poverty – colonialism, decline in sugar market, depleted natural resources Reasons for poverty – colonialism, decline in sugar market, depleted natural resources Importance of the Panama Canal – connects the Caribbean and the Pacific Importance of the Panama Canal – connects the Caribbean and the Pacific

2-5 POPULAR CULTURE, TOURISM, AND JOBS Music in Central America and Caribbean is being shaped Africa, Spain, and the U.S. Music in Central America and Caribbean is being shaped Africa, Spain, and the U.S. Importance of an informal economy – jobs such as street vending, shining shoes, and a variety of other activities that provide a small income Importance of an informal economy – jobs such as street vending, shining shoes, and a variety of other activities that provide a small income

Chapter 10 Section 3

3-1 CONQUEST AND THE END OF SPANISH RULE Inca – conquered by the Spanish Inca – conquered by the Spanish Quechua language Quechua language Colonialism created strong militaries and weak governments Colonialism created strong militaries and weak governments

3-2 A CULTURAL MOSAIC Define cultural mosaic (form of art) Define cultural mosaic (form of art) Popular music (folk music) Popular music (folk music) Arts (crafts) Arts (crafts)

3-3 ECONOMICS: RESOURCES AND TRADE Unique combination of resources, landforms, climate, and vegetation Unique combination of resources, landforms, climate, and vegetation Chile is South America’s greatest economic success story Chile is South America’s greatest economic success story

3-4 EDUCATION AND THE FUTURE Literacy rate is high in South America compared to other parts of Latin America Literacy rate is high in South America compared to other parts of Latin America Indicators are: support of college, universities, and technical schools Indicators are: support of college, universities, and technical schools daily newspapers and publication of books High literacy rate is important for JOBS!!!!!! High literacy rate is important for JOBS!!!!!!

Chapter 10 Section 4

4-1 A DIVIDED CONTINENT Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) Portugal gained control over present day Brazil Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) Portugal gained control over present day Brazil The resource that was Portugal’s wealth in Brazil was sugar The resource that was Portugal’s wealth in Brazil was sugar Pattern of settlement was along the coast because the interior was heavily forested Pattern of settlement was along the coast because the interior was heavily forested

4-2 A NATIONAL CULTURE Influences that have shaped the culture in Brazil are: Portuguese, Native American, African, European, Middle East, Influences that have shaped the culture in Brazil are: Portuguese, Native American, African, European, Middle East, Asian (Japan) Primary language is Portuguese Primary language is Portuguese Primary religion is Catholic Primary religion is Catholic

4-3 AN ECONOMIC GIANT What has made Brazil an industrial power? (natural resources, oil, natural gas, vast area, and people) What has made Brazil an industrial power? (natural resources, oil, natural gas, vast area, and people) Western interior economy: agriculture and grasslands Western interior economy: agriculture and grasslands

4-4 BRAZILIAN LIFE TODAY Rio de Janeiro is the cultural center Rio de Janeiro is the cultural center Drug abuse and high crime rate because of a high poverty level and large income gap Drug abuse and high crime rate because of a high poverty level and large income gap Poverty contributes to the drug abuse and high crime rate when people feel desperate Poverty contributes to the drug abuse and high crime rate when people feel desperate