1. WCG Chapter 10
A blending of cultures

2. Section 1
Mexico the place to the South

3. The Aztecs
Quetzalcoatl was a god worshipped by the Toltec and Aztec peoples of Mexico and Central America. According to the legend he traveled east across the sea.One day messengers came and told the ruler of the Aztecs of strangers that arrived from across the sea.Were they friendly?

4. Here comes Hernando Cortes

5. The Spanish conquest
Hernando Cortes conquered the Aztecs in What animal did he bring to the Americas for the first time?
What was his main weapon?
These people included residents of Teotihuacan an early city-state were the Toltecs, Mayans and Aztecs.
The rich fabric of native life in Mexico was torn apart by the Spanish Conquest

6. Aztec city
Cortes marched on the Aztecs and was given a palace in the main city of Tenochtitlan.
He made aliances with the Aztecs enemies and used his most powerful weapon and conquered them in less than a year.

7. Mexican Independence
Mexico claimed its Independence from Spain in 1821.
Agustin de Iturbide was the ruler who proclaimed himself emperor in 1822

8. One Party Rule
In 1929, a new political party arose in Mexico. It helped introduce democracy and maintain political instability for much of the 20th century.
The name of the party was Institutional Revolutionary Party.(PRI)

9. Vicente Fox
In 2000 Vicente Fox the National Action Party candidate was elected President of Mexico.
It showed that Mexico was becoming more democratic.

10. A meeting of the cultures
Mexico has a large Mestizo population.
Mestizo are people of mixed Spanish and Native American Heritage

11. Population and the Cities
Mexicans are moving to cities because they see economic opportunities.
Mexico had a population of 52 million in 1970 and it almost doubled by the year 2000.

12. Mexico’s economy
Like most other places manufacturing is the most important part of Mexico’s recent economic development.
Many of the new factories are located in the Northern part of Mexico.
Maquiladoras are factories in Mexico that assemble imported materials into finished products that are exported.
Most goods are sent to the United States.

13. NAFTA
Nafta like in Chapter 7 means North American Free Trade Agreement.

14. Emigration
Emigration has had an impact on family life in Mexico. Mexico shares a 2,000 mile border with the United States.
Many workers leave Mexico and go to the US in search of work. Many send money back to the families.
Today, about 85% of school-age children attend school.

15. Section 2
Central America and the Caribbean

16. Native and Colonial Central America
Central America is a cultural hearth as well as a crossroads.
A cultural hearth is a place from which important ideas spread. Usually it is the heartland or a place of a major culture.

17. Tikal
The Maya built many cities with temples and palaces in present day Belize, Guatemala, El Slavador, and Honduras.
One of their most major cities was at Tikal in Northern Guatemala

18. United Provinces of Central America
The Spanish in Central America
In 1823, however the whole region declared its independence from Mexico and took the name of the United Provinces of Central America

19. Caribbean Influences
When Christopher Columbus reached the Caribbean Islands in 1492, he thought he had reached the East Indies in Asia.
The inhabitants of these islands called themselves the Taino

20. Religions of the Caribbean
The two main religions of the Caribbean are Catholic and Protestant.
Although in Haiti the mostly practice Voodoo.

21. Population Cuba has 11 million people
The Dominican Republic has 8.5 million people
Haiti around 6 million
With Jamaica around 3 million

22. The Panama Canal
Trade is important because of the Panama Canal, which cuts through the land bridge and connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
This makes Panama a crossroads for world trade.

23. Caribbean Music Calypso and Reggae were started in the Caribbean.
Calypso began in Trinidad and combines music from Africa, Spain, and the Caribbean.
Reggae was started in Jamaica in the 1960’s. An early pioneer in Reggae was Bob Marley.

24. Bob Marley

25. Informal Economy
People also find jobs in the informal Economy, which takes place outside official channels, without benefits or protection for workers. These jobs include jobs such as street vending, shining shoes, and other services for small wages.

26. Section 3
Spanish speaking South America

27. The Inca
One of the greatest civilizations of the Americas arose in the rugged Andes Mountains of Peru.
The Inca were descendants of people who came across a land bridge from Siberia to Alaska and into South America

28. The Inca The capital of the Inca empire was Cuzco in Peru.
By 1500, the Inca empire extended 2,500 miles along the west coast of South America.
The language of the Inca was called Quechua.
Fransisco Pizzaro and the Spanish came and conquered the Inca’s.

29. Oligarchy
Oligarchy is a government by the few and military rule are generally the governments of South America since they won their independence from Spain.

30. Chile Chile is South America’s greatest economic success story.
Chile’s literacy rate is 95%
Approximately 46 copies of daily newspapers are sold for every 100 people.

31. Section 4
Brazil

32. Spain and Portugal
Geography played an important role in the colonization of South America. Spain and Portugal. The two powers reached an agreement to divide South America. In 1494 the Treaty of Tordesillas divided the continent. Portugal gained control over present day Brazil.

33. Independence for Brazil
Brazil was a colony for the Portuguese from 1500 to 1822 after Napoleon was defeated.
Around 200,000 live in the depths of the Amazon Rain Forests

34. Language and Religion in Brazil
The Portuguese brought their language from Portugal
The religion in Brazil is Catholic and has more than any other Country.
But it is still 20% Protestant

35. Brazil’s economy and Population
Brazil is a growing economic power.
It’s economy is the 10th largest in the world
Its 170 million people contributes to its economic strength

36. Brazil
Besides its 170 million people about 80% of its population live within 200 miles of the sea

37. Feast day in Brazil The most colorful feast day in Brazil is Carnival
Carnival takes place to the Samba, a Brazilian dance with African influences
Capoeira is a martial art and dance that developed in Brazil from African origins
Favelas are desperately poor slums where poor people live.