Ch Conquests Brings New Empires and Ideas

Conquests Bring New Empires and Ideas Hittites –Brought new skills Others –Uprooted people –Caused spread of ideas and technology

Hittites Learn the Secret of Ironworking 1400 B.C. came to Mesopotamia From Asia Minor Brought with them how to separate iron from its ore Kept ironworking secret until their defeat in 1200 B.C.

Assyrian Warriors Expand Ancient Knowledge Empire by 1350 B.C. By 1100 B.C. started to expand Among the most feared Had ironworking skills Women were second class citizens Had a library

Nebuchadnezzar Revives Babylon 612 B.C. neighboring people destroyed the Assyrian armies Babylon was revived under ruthless Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar rebuilt canals, walls, temples, etc… May have built the famous Hanging Gardens

The Persians Establish a Huge Empire 539 B.C. Babylon fell to the Persians and Cyrus the Great Held areas from Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Afghanistan, and Pakistan Preached tolerance and acceptance of different cultures

Darius Unites Many Peoples Darius I ruled from 522 B.C. until 486 B.C. Ruled an empire he divided with governors Government for all with the same rules Used many of Hammurabi’s laws Built and repaired roads

Improving Economic Life Darius set up a common set of weights and measures Encouraged the use of coins Barter economics was used –Trade Money economics as well –Coins or bills

A New Religion Takes Hold Brought about in 600 B.C. by Zoroaster Believed in one god: –Ahura Mazda Constant battle with another god: –Ahriman (Evil)

Contributions of Phoenician Sea Traders Phoenicians famous for trade and sailing Located in now day Lebanon and Syria

Expanding Manufacturing and Trade Phoenicians made glass from sand, purple dye, and farmed Set up colonies from North Africa, Sicily, and Spain Sailed to Britain –For tin

Establishing an Alphabet Established an alphabet Each symbol represents a basic sound 22 symbols Greeks adapted it to make the Greek alphabet, in which was changed and we use today