Circulatory System (Transportation) Made up of several tubes: 1.Arteries A = away Thick walls (for pressure) Elastic Small arteries called arterioles YouTube - Inside Artery (blood)

2.Veins V= go back and visit (returns blood) Thin walls (less pressure) Slightly elastic Small veins are called venules Contain valves so blood travels in one direction YouTube - Mechanism of Vein Contain Blue blood???

3. Capillaries Connect arterioles and venules Only one cell thick so diffusion can take place (good/bad stuff exchanged between blood and cells) YouTube - Capillaries | Biology | Anatomy

HEART The body’s pump Made up of cardiac tissue Surrounded by pericardium for protection

Divided into four chambers

Special Features 1.Vena Cava- veins leading into heart; return oxygen poor blood superior- top inferior-bottom 2. Aorta- artery leading out of heart (largest in body); oxygen rich blood

3. Pulmonary Artery a.heart  lungs b.Only artery that has O 2 poor blood 4. Pulmonary Vein a.Lungs  heart b.Only vein that has O 2 rich blood

YouTube - How the heart works YouTube - Beating Human Heart

Blood Many Functions: 1.Transport (CO 2, O 2, nutrients, wastes) 2.Regulation a. hormones in blood b. maintain homeostasis 3. Protection a. carry WBC b. carry cells that clot

Blood Parts 1.Plasma Mostly water Clear, yellowish color 55% of blood 2. Red Blood Cell (erythrocytes) Carries O 2 and CO 2

“disc” shaped Contain hemoglobin Produced in bone marrow Dead, worn out RBC are removed by the liver 3. White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Larger than RBC Defenders of the body

Produced in bone marrow Carried in blood, but will move on own Five Types: Neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and lymphocytes

Blood Parts

4. Platelets Small fragmented cell pieces Clot (bunch up) when necessary to stop bleeding

Blood Pathways Special examples of blood flow 1.Pulmonary Circulation Heart  lungs  heart Adds oxygen to blood and removes carbon dioxide

2. Systemic Circulation Heart  rest of body a. coronary (heart) b. hepatic (liver) c. renal (kidneys)

Blood Pressure Measured in arteries Expansion and contraction  pulse Sphygmomanometer- measures blood pressure Normal= 120/80

Disorders 1.Bypass Surgery for a person who has a blocked vessels leading to or from the heart 2. Murmur Valves in heart don’t work correctly and allow blood to “leak” flow backwards

3. Heart Attack Heart beats irregularly Also known as angina pectoris 4. Arteriosclerosis Cholesterol collects on inside of arteries and “hardens” them Can lead to high blood pressure

5. High Blood Pressure An increase in pressure within the arteries Can be caused by stress, diet, heredity, smoking, ect 6. Aneurysm Artery stretches and breaks