1. Cardiovascular System Aka: The Circulatory System

2. What does it do? Moves the blood Protects the body Transports nutrients Removes metabolic waste Regulates body temperature

3. Structure Heart Blood Vessels Blood

5. Blood is made of… Erythrocytes (RBC) Leukocytes (WBC) Platelets Plasma

6. Differentiated Blood Cells

7. Erythrocytes Red Blood Cells (RBC) Transport Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Flattened Doughnuts with depressed center for increased surface Flexible to get through vessels No nucleus – last 120 days broken down in spleen

8. Leukocytes White Blood Cells (WBC) Protects body from foreign microbes and toxins Found in blood stream and some tissue Last 18-36 days Three types

9. Types of Leukocytes Lymphocytes: Immune function Granulocytes: Destroy bacteria, viruses, parasites Macrophages: Break down old blood cells and foreign matter like dust and asbestos

10. Platelets Aka: Thrombocytes Clot blood Release coagulating chemicals No nucleus Fragments of Megakaryocytes Stimulate Immune System and Fight Infections

11. Plasma Clear liquid protein and salt part of the blood 55% of our blood volume 95% of plasma is H 2 O Contains: nutrients, clotting factor, hormones, antibodies, vitamins, lipids, sugars, other proteins, metabolic waste

12. Blood Formation - Hematopoiesis Bone Marrow produces red blood cells, most white blood cells and platelets All blood cells originate from stem cells Production is based on body need such as infection or bleeding

13. The Heart - Structure Four cavities that fill with blood Two are Atria (Upper “Round” Half) Two are Ventricles (Lower “pointed” Half) Points to left side of chest at the bottom Size of fist Pumps 4300 gallons / day

14. Four Steps of Circulation Step 1: From right side of heart to lungs to collect O 2 turning blood bright red and CO 2 leaves the capillaries through diffusion. Step 2: Oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart. (Pulmonary Circulation) Step 3: Blood is pumped to all parts of the body distributing O 2 and nutrients Step 4: Blood returns to the right side of the heart a reddish-blue color to be oxygenated again (Systemic Circulation)

15. How blood circulates…. Closed system of blood vessels Four chambers of the heart Review the steps from the previous slide

16. Heart - Function Connects to Aorta at the top. Main artery carrying blood away Pulmonary Artery connects heart to lungs Two largest veins = Carry blood into heart are superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.

17. Heart - Function Cardiac Muscle Contracts 70-80 times per minute Nerves connected to the heart regulate speed of muscle contraction

18. Blood Vessels - Structure Three Types: 1.Arteries - thick and flexible due to forceful bloodflow 2.Veins- appear blue, thinner walls than arteries, less forceful flow 3.Capillaries – tiniest vessels, connect arteries and veins. Very thin walls

19. Blood Vessel - Function Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood from heart to tissues. Large to small: Arteries to Arterioles to capillaries Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood to heart. Small to large: Capillaries to Venuoles to Veins Capillaries: gas exchange and absorb metabolic waste

20. Pulse Rhythmic contractions of arteries can be felt through the skin. Keeps pace with heart beat. A way to measure vital health statistics

21. Blood Pressure The force of blood pushing against artery walls Strongest when heart contracts (systolic or the higher number) Weakest when heart relaxes (diastolic or the low number) 120/80 is considered normal BP

22. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= E5huVSebZpM http://depts.washington.edu/learncpr/video demo/two-step-cpr.html