1. The Circulatory System

2. Function It’s main function is Transportation
Blood is used as a transport vehicle
transports oxygen, nutrients, cell waste (such as Carbon dioxide), hormones and antibodies vital to maintaining homeostasis to and from cells

3. Parts of the Circulatory System
Divided into three major parts:
The Heart
The Blood Vessels
The Blood

4. The Major Organ-The Heart
Heart acts as pump
The heart pumps beats per minute (at rest)
At REST, the heart pumps about 5 QUARTS of blood a minute.
During EXTREME EXERTION (exercise) it can pump 40 quarts a minute.

5. Structure Size of your fist Large organ composed of
cardiac muscle--called myocardium
Enclosed by a sac –called PERICARDIUM
rich in mitochondria
4 hollow chambers
Contain valves to keep blood flowing in ONE direction

6. The pathway looks like a circle
The heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system.

7. The Chambers The heart has 4 hollow chambers
Upper chambers – atrium receives blood coming in from the veins
Left & right Atrium
Lower chambers - ventricle squeezes blood out into the arteries
Left & right ventricle

9. Collins I 4 lines
Describe the heart !!

12. Double Pump
The two ventricles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart
Each chamber pumps blood out of the heart but to different pathways
That is why the heart is considered to be a double pump

13. 3 Kinds of Circulation: Pulmonary circulation Coronary circulation
Systemic circulation

14. Pulmonary Circulation
Movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again

15. Pulmonary Circulation Pathway
1. The right Atria receives oxygen poor blood from the body.
2. blood moves to the right ventricle where it is pumped out to the lungs via pulmonary arteries
3. O₂ is exchanged for CO₂
4. Oxygen rich blood now leaves lungs and returns to the heart

16. sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/ pulmonary.html

17. Systemic Circulation
Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout the body , except for the heart and lungs THIS IS THE LARGEST PATHWAY OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM!

18. Systemic Circulation Pathway
Oxygen rich blood returning from the lungs now enters the left atrium
Moves through the valves to the left ventricle
The left ventricle pumps the oxygen rich blood out the Aorta
The blood is then carried from aorta to blood vessels delivering oxygen and nutrients to ALL tissues of the body
Blood returns (oxygen poor) back to right atria

20. Coronary Circulation
Coronary arteries branch immediately off the aorta and provide blood to the heart tissue

23. Hollow tubes that circulate your blood
Blood Vessels
Hollow tubes that circulate your blood
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

24. Arteries Carry blood AWAY from the heart Heart pumps blood
Main artery called the aorta
Aorta divides and branches
Many smaller arteries
Each region of your body has system of arteries supplying it with fresh, oxygen-rich blood.

25. Capillaries Very thin Only one cell thick Connect arteries & veins
Food and oxygen released to the body cells
Carbon dioxide and other waste products returned to the bloodstream

26. Veins Carry blood to the heart Receive blood from the capillaries
Transport waste-rich/ oxygen-poor blood back to the lungs and heart
Valves are located inside the veins
Allow blood to move in one direction

27. Overview of Blood Vessels

28. Blood composition O₂ RBC CO₂ WBC Nutrients Platelets Antibodies
Plasma
Other material
Formed elements
RBC
WBC
Platelets O₂
CO₂
Nutrients
Antibodies
Hormones

29. Blood
Carries nutrients, water, oxygen and waste products to and from your body cells.
Hemoglobin, iron containing molecule
Loosely picks up oxygen in the lungs
Loses oxygen in areas low in oxygen (diffuses)

30. Blood Hemoglobin carries CO2 also
CO2 is a waste product of cellular work
70% of CO2 combines with water
The rest travels to the lungs

31. Blood – RBCs
Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the body.
Takes carbon dioxide and transports it back to the lungs
About 5,000,000 Red Blood Cells in ONE drop of blood.

33. Blood – WBCs White blood cells protect the body from germs
Attack and destroy germs when they enter the body

34. scienceu.fsu.edu
illus/167i2.htm

35. Blood – Platelets and Plasma
Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding
Plasma is the liquid part of the blood
About half of your blood is made of plasma
The plasma carries the blood cells throughout the body
Plasma is made in the liver.

36. user.gru.net/clawrence/ vccl/chpt7/plate.htm

37. SUMMARY
copy and complete the following;
Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The _________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot.
away
muscular
towards
capillaries
plasma
oxygen
platelets

38. Some Disorders and Diseases of the Circulatory System

39. DISORDERS ATHEROSCLEROSIS Fatty deposits called plaque
Builds up in walls of arteries
Obstructs flow
Also a risk if clot breaks free and blocks flow elsewhere

40. Disorders (cont) Hypertension High blood pressure
Hearts works harder than necessary
Increases risk of heart attack or stroke

41. Disorders (cont) Heart Attack Atherosclerosis in coronary artery
Heart muscle begins to die
Symptoms
Nausea
Shortness of breath
Severe chest pain
IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY

42. Disorders (cont) Stroke
Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain
Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen
Or blood vessel burst
Can lead to paralysis,
loss of ability to speak
death

43. Use Your Notes To Win a Prize
Quiz Time!!!
Use Your Notes To Win a Prize

44. 1. The overall function of the circulatory system is
A. Gas exchange
B. Transportation
C. Blood production
D. Clotting

45. 2. The ___________ is the main organ of the circulatory system
A. Heart
B. Blood Vessels
C. Blood
D. Lungs

46. 3. The circuit that carries blood to and from all the cells is the
A. Pulmonary Circulation
B. Coronary Circulation
C. Blood Circulation
D. Systemic Circulation

47. 4. The circuit that carries blood to and from the lungs is the
A. Pulmonary Circulation
B. Coronary Circulation
C. Blood Circulation
D. Systemic Circulation

48. 5. The circuit that carries the blood to and from the heart itself
A. Pulmonary Circulation
B. Coronary Circulation
C. Blood Circulation
D. Systemic Circulation

49. 6. The “plumbing” of the circulatory system is the
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Blood
D. Blood Vessels

50. 7. The arteries carry blood
A. Within the heart
B. Away from the heart
C. Toward the heart
D. Oxygen poor blood

51. 8. _______ join arteries and veins
A. Arterioles
B. Venules
C. Capillaries
D. Blood

52. 9. The arteries are carrying
A. Oxygen poor blood
B. Oxygen rich blood
C. Waste rich blood
D. Carbon dioxide rich blood

53. 10. The ________ side of the heart deals with oxygen poor blood
A. Right
B. Left

54. 11. The oxygen poor blood enters the heart through
A. Vena Cava's
B. Pulmonary arteries
C. Pulmonary Veins
D. Aorta

55. 12. The __________ pump blood out of the heart
A. Aorta
B. Pulmonary artery
C. Atria
D. Ventricles

56. 13. The largest of the three circuits is the
A. Pulmonary
B. Coronary
C. Systemic

57. 14. Oxygen rich blood exits the lungs and enters
A. Right atria
B. Left atria
C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle

58. 15. The oxygen rich blood exits the heart through the
A. Left atria
B. Pulmonary Artery
C. Aorta
D. Coronary Artery

59. 16. The oxygen poor blood leaves the right ventricle through
A. Left atria
B. Pulmonary Artery
C. Aorta
D. Coronary Artery

60. 17. Gas exchange occurs in the
A. Heart
B. Aorta
C. Superior Vena Cava's
D. Lungs

61. 18. The superior Vena Cava is located
A. Above the heart
B. Below the heart

62. 19. Blood travels in one direction due to
A. Blood flow
B. Blood vessels
C. The heart
D. Valves

63. 20. How many chambers are located in the heart
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four

64. 21. The top chambers are called
A. Ventricles
B. Atria

65. 22. The bottom chambers are called
A. Ventricles
B. Atria

66. 23. What prevents the blood form mixing inside the heart?

67. 24. How does material enter and exit the blood vessels?

68. 25. Which answer shows the correct order of blood flow
A. Vena cava's, r. ventricle, r. atria, pulmonary artery
B. Vena cavas, l. atria, l. ventricle, pulmonary artery
C. Vena cavas, r. atria, r. ventricle, pulmonary artery
D. Vena cava's, aorta, pulmonary artery