The Spinal Cord
“an extension of the brainstem that begins at the foramen magnum and continues down through the vertebral canal to the first lumbar vertebra just below the ribs”
Features of the Spinal Cord Conus Medullaris- Cauda Equina (horse tail)- Diameter- Length- Central Canal – Spinal nerves-
Spinal cord is composed of both gray and white matter Gray matter- White matter-
YouTube - Dissection: Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord/CoveringsYouTube - Dissection: Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord/Coverings
The Meninges Dura Mater-Arachnoid-Pia Mater
What is CSF ??? Cerebrospinal fluid
The Reflex Arc Neural pathway of a reflex What is a reflex ? A reflex may be –Autonomic –Somatic
All reflexes have a minimum of 5 elements
Reflexes...
REFLEX ARCS
Disorders of the Spinal Cord Meningitis symptoms- bacterial- viral- prevention-
Trauma-
APGAR Scale This scale is for newborns and is scored at 1 min & 5 min. Heart rate Absent- 0 points < point points Respiration effort Absent- 0 points Slow, irregular-1 point Strong cry- 2 points Muscle Tone Flaccid- 0 points Some flex- 1 point Act. motion- 2 points Irritability No response- 0 points Some- 1 point Vigorous- 2 points Color Blue, pale- 0 points Body: pink, Extremities: blue- 1 point Fully pink- 2 points Infants with scores of 7-10 usually require supportive care only. A score of 4-6 indicates moderate depression. Infants with scores of 3 or less require aggressive resuscitation.
Lumbar Puncture
Electroencephalogram An EEG is...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
Positron Emission Tomography PET
Ultrasound Imaging