The Korean War

WALT What Are we Learning Today? what were the causes of the Korean War to understand the events of the Korean War to be able to explain the results and consequences of the Korean War

 Starter activity Pin the tail on Korea!

How did the Cold War develop in the period 1949 to 1969? Content NATO and Warsaw Pact; the beginnings of the Arms Race; Korean War; khrushchev’s policy of peaceful co-existence and the USA’s response; Hungary, 1956; arms/space race; U2 incident, 1960; Berlin Wall, President Kennedy’s visit to Berlin 1963

The Korean War Pg 55 WHAT?(North Korea [Communist] invaded South Korea [Capitalist]). WHEN?June WHERE?North and South Korea, Asia WHY?Domino theory – Truman thought that Far Eastern countries would fall like dominoes. China Communist (1949). Truman feared Japan would follow. Undermine Communism – The National Security Council recommended (NSC 68 – April 1950) abandoning containment to ‘roll back’ Communism. Cold War – America & Russia for world domination – Korea a ‘war at arm’s length’. Kim Il Sung – got Stalin’s and Mao tse Tung’s agreement to attack South Korea. Syngman Rhee (1950) – boasted he would attack North Korea – gave an excuse.

 Your task Read the appropriate section of your textbook and research the following areas pg 54-57: –Causes of conflictCauses of conflict –Main events of Korean WarMain events of Korean War –Consequences of the warConsequences of the war What can you find out about the career of General Douglas MacArthur?

Causes of the conflict Tensions between USA & USSR extended around world New Communist govts. In China (1949) & other Asian countries Conflict between capitalism in south and Communism in north Domino effect – Western fear of Communism spreading What did commentators mean by the ‘domino effect’?

A grief stricken American infantryman whose friend has been killed in action is comforted by another soldier. In the background a soldier methodically fills out casualty tags, August 28, 1950.

Korean Conflict. British troops huddle over a fire while warming their food rations. Jan 1951.

Causes of conflict in Korea USSR controlled N. Korea post 1945 US established democratic govt. in South Korea (with military backing) Syngman Rhee - CAPITALIST ( (S. Korea) & Kim Il Sung - COMMUNIST (N.Korea) claimed to be presidents of all Korea.

Main events June 1950 N. Korea attacked South Korea and pushed S. Korean forces into small area around Pusan Truman called on support on UN Security Council (USSR also permanent member but boycotting meetings after refusal to admit China to UN)

UN forces drove N.Korean troops back to Yalu River China joined forces with N.Korea (not wanting a non-communist neighbour) UN forces driven back General MacArthur called for use of atomic bomb Fighting settled around 38 th parallel 1953, truce signed at Panmunjom Why was MacArthur (above) both the right and the wrong man for the job?

Cartoon by British artist, David Low. During the Korean War, critics said that the USA simply pulled the strings of the UN like a puppet. How does the cartoon support this view?  Plenary

Consequences/Results of the Korean War 1.Korean War example of successful containment (for US) 2. Success for UN (although it was US puppet) 3. China no longer weak 4. Massive damage to Korea – 1 in 10 of population killedMassive damage to Korea 5. UN seen as a puppet of US 6. Increased mistrust – founding of SEATO (SE Asia Org, copy of NATO) 7. Still two separate states today 8. Still 25,000 US troops in South Korea Korean farmer & his family fleeing from the fighting. Why would the US wish to prevent images like these reaching the American public?

 Your task It is There is a new president, Eisenhower. You have been asked to write a report to him summarising the lessons the US can learn from the Korean War. Your report should include the following aspects: –US aims in Korea –The importance of UN support –How far US achieved its aims –The role of General MacArthur –Civilian & political consequences of the war

1. Pg 56 - divide a page into 4 – sketch and label the 4 maps from pg 56 (15 mins) 2. Copy and answer question 2 from pg 57 – read the impact of the Korean War pg Copy the Summary below 4. If finished - Collect a 10 minute test on Korea!!!.

1.Causes of the Korean War – make notes of the 4 causes from pg 13 of your Cold War Booklet. 2.Divide a page into 5 boxes – note the events of the war into each box from pg 14 – illustrate if it helps to learn these. 3.Task 1 from pg 14 4.Copy and answer question 2 from pg 57 – read the impact of the Korean War pg Copy the Summary below

Korean War Plenary Word 1. TRUMAN2. CONTAINMENT 3. DOMINO THEORY4. SOUTH KOREA 5. PUSAN6. AGGRESSOR 7. MACARTHUR8. STALEMATE 9. KHRUSHCHEV10. KREMLIN 11. THAW12. WARSAW PACT 13. NATO14. SYNGMAN RHEE 15. KIM IL SUNG

Source E The Korean War The United Nations’ military action in Korea has been a success. Both the North Koreans and the Chinese communists declared it to be their purpose to drive the United Nations forces out of Korea. They have been prevented from doing this. In June 1951 the US Secretary of State made this statement to an American Senate Committee Questions (a) How accurate is the view given in Source E of the United Nation’s action in the Korean War? (6 marks)

AQA Paper 1 Q The Cold War Study Sources G and H and then answer all the questions which follow: Source G Results of the Korean War (a)What does Source G tell us about the results of the Korean War? (3 marks) The Korean War was a costly war. As many as four million people may have died. Whole areas of Korea had been destroyed. The war led to an increase in the arms race: the USA tested the first hydrogen bomb in 1952: a year later the USSR tested one. It was an important war for the United Nations. The UN had proved that it could raise an army and that it was prepared to stand up to aggression. Without the UN action, it is unlikely that South Korea would still exist.