English Verbs Verbs have person, number and tense. Person = the subject Number = a sg or pl subject Tense= When the action happens We are now learning present tense. Action in the present tense happens NOW!

Person There are 3 subjects in English and each has a sg and a pl form. They are called 1 st person, 2 nd person and 3 rd person. SgPl 1 st IWe 2 nd YouYou 3 rd He/She/ItThey

Conjugating A Verb In English we conjugate verbs (change the subject of a verb) without thinking about it. If you were learning English for the first time and conjugating a verb it would look like this: To Love SgPl 1 st I loveWe love 2 nd You loveYou love 3 rd He/She/It lovesThey love

Latin Verbs As you may have noticed Latin verbs have different patterns. These patterns tell us to which conjugation a verb belongs. We can tell the conjugation from the ending of the 2 nd principle part. 1 st = are (like amare) 2 nd = ēre (like docēre) 3 rd = ere (like agere) 4 th = ire (like audire)

Personal Endings – Present Tense PersonSingularTranslationPluralTranslation 1 st OIMUSWE 2 nd SYOUTISYOU Y’ALL 3rd THE, SHE, IT NTTHEY

Steps 1 st / 2 nd / 4 th Conjugation 1.Copy the first word in the 1 st sg 2.Drop the “re” and copy the base 3.Add the personal endings 4.Translate

Example – 1 st Conjugation Amo, Amare – To love SgPl 1 st Amo – I LoveAmamus – we love 2 nd Amas – You loveAmatis – You love 3 rd Amat – He lovesAmant – They love

Example – 2 nd Conjugation Doceo, Docēre – to teach SgPl 1 st Doceo – I teach Docēmus – We teach 2 nd Docēs – You teach Docētis – You teach 3 rd Docet – He teaches Docent – They teach *Notice the macrons for 2 nd conj

Example for 4 th Conjugation Audio, Audire – to hear SgPl 1 st Audio – I hearAudimus – we hear 2 nd Audis – you hearAuditis – You hear 3 rd Audit – He hearsAudiunt – They hear *Notice how we add the “u” before the “nt” because the “int” sound would be to much like the barbarians!

So What Happened to 3 rd Conjugation?? 3 rd Conjugation is “special”. It has its own steps because of a funky vowel change. The short “ere” changes to “i”, so it goes like this: Steps 1.Copy the 1 st word into the 1 st person sg. 2.Drop the “ere” and copy the base. 3.Add 4 “i”s and 1 “u” 4.Add the personal endings 5.Translate

Example for 3 rd Conjugation Ago, Agere – to drive SgPl 1 st Ago – I driveAgimus – we drive 2 nd Agis – You driveAgitis – You drive 3 rd Agit – He drivesAgunt – They drive *See how the vowels change!

3 rd io 3 rd conjugation has a special sub group called 3 rd io. They are identifiable by an “io” and “ere”. Like capio, capere – to take 3 rd io will look just like 3 rd conjugation, except it uses an “iu” in the 3 rd pl.

3 rd io Example Capio, Capere – to take SgPl 1 st Capio – to takeCapimus – we take 2 nd Capis – you takeCapitis – you take 3 rd Capit – he takesCapiunt – they take

The next few slides show a more visual representation of verb conjugating. To get the most out of it make sure you are viewing the slides in presentation mode.

Drop the “re” 2 nd Principle Part Drop the “re” Add Personal Endings

2 nd Principle Part Drop the “re” Add Personal Endings Drop the “re”

2 nd Principle Part Drop the “re” Add Personal Endings Add 4 “I” s and 1 “u”

2 nd Principle Part Drop the “re” Add 4 “I” s and 1 “iu” Add Personal Endings

2 nd Principle Part Drop the “re” Add a “u” before the 3 rd pl ending Add Personal Endings