Chapter 14 Bites and Stings. Animal and Human Bites Determine if victim was exposed to rabies. Spread through saliva by bite or lick Consider rabies if.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 14 Bites and Stings

Animal and Human Bites Determine if victim was exposed to rabies. Spread through saliva by bite or lick Consider rabies if Animal attacked without provocation Animal was behaving strangely High-risk species Animal should be captured or confined for observation. Report animal bites to police or animal control.

Care for Animal and Human Bites Clean wound with soap and water. Flush wound under pressure. Control bleeding and cover wound with sterile dressing. Seek medical care for cleaning, tetanus shot, or rabies vaccination.

Snake Bites Poisonous species in United States Rattlesnake Water moccasin Coral snake Copperhead

Recognizing a Pit Viper Bite Severe burning pain Fang marks Swelling Discoloration and blood-filled blisters Nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness

Care for Pit Viper Bite Get victim away from snake. Keep victim calm; limit movement. Wash area with soap and water. Stabilize extremity. Seek medical care.

Coral Snake Bite Recognizing Coral Snake Bite Most venomous snake Has short fangs and tends to hang on and chew venom into the victim Care for Coral Snake Bite Get victim away from snake. Keep victim calm and limit movement. Wash with soap and water. Apply mild pressure and bandage. Call

Nonpoisonous Snake Bites Recognizing Nonpoisonous Snake Bites Horseshoe-shaped bites Painful local reactions; no systemic symptoms Care for Nonpoisonous Snake Bites Get victim away from snake. Wash with soap and water. Apply antibiotic ointment and cover wound. Seek medical care.

Insect Stings Recognizing an Insect Sting Signs of insect stings: pain, itching, and swelling Signs of anaphylaxis Difficulty breathing Tightness in chest Rash or hives Swelling in mouth or throat Dizziness and nausea

Care for an Insect Sting Remove stinger and venom sac. Wash with soap and water. Apply ice. Consider topical steroid, pain medication, or antihistamine. Assist with prescribed epinephrine kit. Call for signs of severe allergic reaction.

Spider Bites (1 of 2) Black Widow Sharp pinprick, then dull pain Two fang marks Abdominal pain, headache, fever, dizziness, nausea

Spider Bites (2 of 2) Brown Recluse Local reaction Bull’s-eye pattern Headache, fever, weakness, nausea

Care for All Spider Bites Catch spider for identification. Wash with soap and water or rubbing alcohol. Apply ice to relieve pain and delay effects of venom. Seek medical care.

Scorpion Stings Recognizing a Scorpion Sting Local immediate pain and burning, followed by numbness and tingling Care for Scorpion Sting Wash with soap and water or rubbing alcohol. Apply ice. Seek medical care.

Tick Bites Remove with tweezers. Wash with soap and water. Apply rubbing alcohol. Apply ice. Calamine lotion. Seek medical care for rash.

Marine Animal Injuries (1 of 3) Marine Animals That Bite, Rip, and Puncture Shark Barracuda Eel Care for Bites, Rips, or Punctures Control bleeding. Care for shock. Call

Marine Animal Injuries (2 of 3) Marine Animals That Sting Jellyfish Portuguese man-o-war Care for Stings Scrape off tentacles. Apply vinegar.

Marine Animal Injuries (3 of 3) Marine Animals That Puncture by Spines Stingray Care for Puncture by Spines Immerse in hot water. Wash with soap and water. Flush area. Care for wound.