Muscles of the Lower Limb

Insertion: Upper part of the medial surface of tibia (SGST) Origin: ASIS Sartorius Nerve Supply Femoral nerve Tailor’s position (Cross leg position) Action Insertion: Upper part of the medial surface of tibia (SGST)

All are supplied by the Femoral N. Quadriceps Femoris muscles Rectus Femoris Vastus medialis Vastus Lateralis Vastus intermedius All are supplied by the Femoral N.

Nerve Supply: Femoral N. Origin: Straight H.: Anterior inferior iliac spine Reflected H.: groove above acetabulum Rectus Femoris muscle Flexion of the hip & extension of the knee Action Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into upper, lat & medial borders of the patella.

Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Origin: Medial lip of the Linea aspra Origin: Lateral lip of the Linea aspra Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Extension of the knee Action Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into upper, lat & medial borders of the patella Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into upper, lat & medial borders of the patella

Origin: Upper ⅔ of the anterior & lateral surface of the femur Vastus Intermedius Extension of knee Action Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into upper, lat & medial borders of the patella.

Medial Side of the Thigh Muscles of the Medial Side of the Thigh Gracilis Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Magnus

Gracilis Nerve Supply: Obturator N. Origin: Conjoint ramus (inferior pubic ramus & ischial ramus) Nerve Supply: Obturator N. Gracilis Adduction Action Insertion: Upper part of the medial surface of the tibia (behind sartorius)

Adductor Longus Insertion: Linea aspra Anterior Origin: Front of the body of the pubis just below pubic tubercle (rounded tendon) Nerve Supply: Obturator N. Adductor Longus Adduction Action Insertion: Linea aspra Anterior

Origin: Body & inferior ramus of the pubis below adductor longus Nerve Supply: Obturator N. Adductor Brevis Adduction Action Insertion: Linea aspra

Pectineus Origin: Pectineal surface of pubis Nerve Supply: Femoral N. Insertion: Below lesser trochanter Adduction Action

Insertion: Linea aspraAdductor tubercle Origin: Adductor part: conjoint ramus (inferior pubic ramus & ischial ramus) Hamstring part: lower lateral part of the ischial tuberosity Adductor Magnus Nerve Supply: Obturator N. & Sciatic N. Insertion: Linea aspraAdductor tubercle Adduction Extends the hip joint Action Anterior Posterior

Muscles of the Back of the Thigh (Hamstring Muscles)‎ Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris

Origin: Lower medial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity (with long head of the biceps) Nerve Supply: Sciatic N. Semitendinosus Extension of the hip Flexion of the knee Action Insertion: Surface of the tibia (behind gracilis)

Origin: Upper lateral part of the upper area of ischial tuberosity Nerve Supply: Sciatic N. Semimembranosus Extension of the hip & flexion of the knee Action Insertion: SGST tibia

Biceps Femoris Origin: Long head: with semitendinosus Short head: linea aspra Nerve Supply: Sciatic N. Biceps Femoris Extension of the hip Flexion of the knee Locking of the knee Action Insertion: Head of fibula

Gluteal Region Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Piriformis Obturator Internus 4 Sup & Inf gemelli Obturator Externus

Extension of the hip joint Gluteus Maximus Hip bone behind the posterior gluteal line & back of the sacrum Origin Gluteal tuberosity & iliotibial tract Insertion Inferior gluteal N. Nerve Supply Extension of the hip joint Action

Gluteus Medius Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Hip bone between the anterior & posterior gluteal lines Origin Back of the greater trochanter Insertion Superior gluteal N. Nerve Supply Abduction, medial rotaion of the hip & standing on one limb Action

Gluteus Minimus Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Hip bone between superior gluteal nerve & inferior gluteal lines Origin Front of the greater trochanter Insertion Superior gluteal N. Nerve Supply Same as gluteus medius Action

Piriformis Nerve Supply Action Origin Insertion S1,2 : Lateral rotation of the thigh Action Anterior of the middle 3 pieces of sacrum Origin Upper border of the greater trochanter Insertion

Obturator Internus Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Pelvic wall & obturator membrane Origin Medial surface of the greater trochanter Insertion Nerve to obturator internus Nerve Supply Lateral rotation of the thigh Action

Superior & Inferior Gemelli Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Upper & lower margins of the lesser sciatic notch Origin With obturator internus Insertion Superiorly: N. to obturator internus Inferiorly: N. to quadratus femoris Nerve Supply Lateral rotation of the thigh Action

Obturator Externus Posterior Anterior Origin Insertion Outer surface of the obturator foramen & membrane Origin Trochanteric fossa of the femur Insertion Posterior Anterior Obturator N. Nerve Supply Lateral rotation of the thigh Action

Tibialis anterior Nerve Supply Action Origin Insertion Ant tibial N. Dorsiflexion & inversion of foot Action Upper 2/3 of lat surface of tibia Origin Medial cuneiform Insertion

Extensor Digitorum Longus Upper ¾ of ant surf of fibula Origin Extensor exp into middle & distal phalanges of lat 4 toes Insertion Ant tibial N. Nerve Supply Dorsiflexion of foot & extension of lat 4 toes Action

Extensor Hallucis longus Middle 2/4 of ant surface of fibula Origin Base of distal phalanx of big toe Insertion Ant tibial N. Nerve Supply Dorsiflexion of foot & extension of big toe Action

Peroneus Tertius Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Lower ¼ of ant surface of fibula Origin 5th metatarsal bone Insertion Ant tibial N. Nerve Supply Dorsiflexin & eversion of foot Action

Peroneus Longus Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Upper 2/3 of lat surface of fibula Origin Med cuneiform & base of 1st metatarsal Insertion Musculo-cutaneous N . Nerve Supply Eversion & supports the arches of foot Action

Peroneus Brevis Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action Lower 2/3 of lat surface of fibula Origin Base of 5th metatarsal bone Insertion Musculo-cutaneous N . Nerve Supply Eversion of foot Action

Gastrocnemius Med head: popliteal surface of femur above med condyle Lat head: lat epicondyle of femur Origin Tendoachilis attached to mid back of calcaneous Insertion Med popliteal N . Nerve Supply Flexion of knee & plantar flexion of ankle Action

Soleus Soleal line of tibia & upper 1/3 of back of fibula Origin tendoachilis Insertion Med popliteal & tibial Ns Nerve Supply Plantar flexion of ankle Action

Plantaris Popliteal surface of femur above the lat condyle Origin Post surface of calcaneous Insertion Med popliteal N. Nerve Supply Flexion of knee & plantar flexion of foot Action

Popliteus Popliteal groove of femur (intracapsular inside knee joint) Origin Back of tibia above soleal line Insertion Med popliteal N Nerve Supply Flexion & med rotation which accompanies flexion (unlocking of knee) Action

Tibialis Posterior Back of tibia & fibula & interosseous membrane Origin Tuberosity of navicular B. & all tarsal bones except talus Insertion Post tibial N Nerve Supply Plantar flexion & inversion & keeps arches of foot Action

Flexor Digitorum Longus Back of tibia (med to vertical line) Origin Distal phalanges of lat 4 toes (plantar surface) Insertion Post tibial N. Nerve Supply Plantar flexion of foot & flexion of lat 4 fingers Action

Flexor Hallucis Longus Back of fibula (lat to the crest) Origin Distal phalanx of big toe (plantar surface) Insertion Post tibial N. Nerve Supply Plantar flexion of foot & flexion of big toe Action