ITCILO COURSE A Trade Union Training on Employment Relations and Informal Economy 20 February to 2 March 2012 The ILO Decent Work approaches: - Social Justice Declaration - Global Jobs Pact - DWA and DWCPs

Social Justice Declaration The SJD unanimously adopted by the ILC on 10 June 2008 is the 3 rd major statement of principles and policies since the coming into force of the ILO Constitution. The SJD builds on the Philadelphia Declaration of 1944 and the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work of The SJD expresses the contemporary vision of the ILO’s mandate in the era of globalisation and strengthens its response to the challenges of the 21 st century. The SJD is a renewed commitment to the organisation’s mandate outlined in its four strategic objectives of: - Employment generation; - Social protection; - Promotion of Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work; - Social dialogue. These four objectives are inseparable, interrelated and mutually supportive

Social Justice Declaration The SJD is a visionary policy tool in anticipating the crisis and states in its preamble that “global economic integration has caused many countries and sectors to face major challenges of income inequality, continuing high levels of unemployment and poverty, vulnerability of economies to external shocks and the growth of both unprotected work and the informal economy, which impact on the employment relationship.” The SJD is visionary in the way forward: in a world of growing interdependence and complexity and the internationalization of production we need to recognize the fundamental values of freedom, human dignity, social justice, security and non-discrimination, social dialogue and tripartism within and across borders, importance of employment relationship, sustainable enterprises with a strong social economy and a viable public sector, role of MNEs Declaration given growing role of the TNCs

Social Justice Declaration The SJD recognises that the fundamental principles and rights at work (FoA and Right to CB, Non-discrimination and Equality, fight against Forced Labour and Child Labour ) are both rights and enabling conditions for the full realisation of all the strategic objectives, noting: - FoA and “the effective recognition of the right to” CB are particularly important to enable the attainment of the 4 strategic objectives. - The violation of fundamental principles and rights at work cannot be invoked or otherwise used as a legitimate comparative advantage and labour standards should not be used for protectionist trade purposes.

Social Justice Declaration The SJD provides the ILO with the responsibility to examine and consider all international economic and financial policies in the light of the fundamental objectives of social justice. The SJD calls on the International Labour Office to use available human and financial resources, the unique advantage of tripartism and its standard system to: - Help governments and employers’ and workers’ organisations to adopt meaningful and coherent social policy and sustainable development; -Promote strategic objectives jointly within the framework of bilateral or multilateral agreements; -Develop new partnerships with multilateral enterprises and trade unions operating at global level;

Social Justice Declaration - Invite international and regional organisations to promote decent work. As trade and financial market policy both affect employment, it is the ILO’s role to evaluate those effects in order to put employment at the heart of economic policies. - The SJD is a promotional campaigns of the governance Conventions (besides Core Labour Standards): Labour Inspection (C.81 & C.129), Employment Policy (C:122), and Tripartite Consultation (C.144).

Why a Global Jobs Pact? The financial and economic crisis spread rapidly across the globe, crippling economies, reducing enterprise capacities, and forcing millions of people out of jobs and throwing many more into precarious jobs. In too many countries it has: -Turned the clock back on hard earned economic and social development gains, and -Clearly exacerbated already large-scale structural unemployment, under-employment and poverty.

There is no recovery without jobs recovery! Economic crisis Job crisis Financial crisis

Whose Pact is it? In June 2009, the International Labour Conference unanimously adopted a “Global Jobs Pact.” It is an expression of governments, workers and employers commitment to work together to overcome the crisis and its negative impact on the labour markets. The Pact has strong international and regional backing and endorsement from: -G20 Heads of State -UN General Assembly -UNDP Board; and -Numerous other international and regional bodies.

What does it contain? It contains a policy portfolio covering: -Accelerating employment creation, jobs recovery and sustaining enterprises -Building social protection systems and protecting people -Strengthening respect for international labour standards -Social dialogue: bargaining collectively, identifying priorities, stimulating action -Shaping a fair and sustainable globalisation -It is not a “one-size-fits-all solution,” but an integrated package of policy options that can be adapted to specific needs and situations -It is the application of the Decent Work Agenda in the context of crisis.

What is it meant to achieve? To reduce the lags between output and employment recovery – thus reducing the risk of long-term un-and- under-employment and increased informality. Ensure respect for, and promote fundamental principles and rights at work. Develop and enhance measures of social protection, social security and labour protection that are sustainable and adaptable to national circumstances. Promote social dialogue: tripratism and bipartism. Build back a better society – fairer and more sustainable society.

How constituents are using the Pact? As an advocacy instrument at the global, regional and national Levels. As a checklist of crisis responses and recovery policies. As a framework for a National Jobs Pact.

How the ILO is assisting constituents to implement the Pact? Supporting the use of the GJP as an Advocacy Instrument –International, Regional and National forums and events, e.g. G20 meetings Joint meeting with IMF UN meetings Regional meetings - E.g. 2nd African Decent Work Symposium “Building a Social Protection Floor with the Global Jobs Pact”, October 2010 High-level missions –Reports and Studies e.g. World of Work Report 2010: From one crisis to the next? Global Wage Report: Wage policies in times of crisis, Dec 2010 Trade and Employment in the Global Crisis –Public Information ILO Global Job Crisis Observatory

How the ILO is assisting constituents to implement the Pact? Supporting the use of the GJP as a Policy Checklist –Policy reviews and advice –Policy briefing notes –Training All part of the ongoing review and delivery of DWCP

How the ILO is assisting constituents to implement the Pact? Supporting the use of the GJP as a framework for a National Jobs Pact –Integrated assessment of policies – GJP Country Scan –Facilitation support – tripartite social dialogue –Capacity-building –Enhance understanding of policy options –Develop and articulate policy position –Participate in policy design, implementation and monitoring –Follow-up technical support mainstreamed into the DWCP –Engage international partners to support the implementation of DWCP

Examples of progress on national-level implementation -Overall process for national level implementation has been: High-level endorsement of the Pact and request for support GJP country Scan Capacity building Tripartite policy dialogue and collaboration Priority setting

Examples of progress on national-level implementation –National level implementation has taken a different form in each country –The strength of the Pact is its versatility for national level adoption –The ILO can provide support fitted to the specific needs of the Country

Decent Work Agenda Restatement of ILO’s historical mandate in today’s context; Represents tripartite consensus within ILO as a way to respond to the challenges posed by the globalizing world; It is a development strategy that reflects people’s aspirations for decent jobs, better opportunities, voice & representation; Operationalised in the ILO’s DWCPs.

Decent Work Agenda Decent work is the converging focus of the ILO’s four strategic objectives and calls for the integration of economic and social objectives towards: - Rights at work - Employment - Social protection - Social dialogue

Decent Work Agenda Work that is productive, gives fair income, security in the workplace & social protection for the family, equal opportunities & treatment, better prospects for - personal devt & social integration, freedom to organise & participate in decision making concept of decent work encompasses both individual and collective dimensions (C 87 & 98)

productive employment & sustainable enterprises Standards & basic rights at work social protection/ social security for all Promotion of Social dialogue, Including Collective bargaining [+ Gender Mainstreaming]

DWCP - Definition The translation of DWA into practical action at the national level. The main vehicle for delivery of ILO support to countries. Distinct ILO contribution to UN country programmes. The expression of ILO Programme & Budget in a country (time bound and resourced programme).

DWCP - Purpose Promotes DW as a key component of national development strategies. Organises ILO knowledge, instruments, advocacy & cooperation at the service of tripartite constituents in a result-based framework to advance DWA within the fields of ILO comparative advantage

It’s not ‘business as usual’ ILO programme in a country : That vocational training course we have put on every year for the last 20 The head of the Labour Congress just called and wants us to do a programme on globalization I want to do another stage of my research on the garment industry for my book We have to organize a study tour for a delegation from another country IPEC is launching a new TBP We need to provide some capacity building for the employers association if we’ve done something for the workers Can we translate the GPE program into the local language and deliver it A new pilot program for women entrepreneurs The Minister of Labour wants to know why the Committee of Experts said such terrible things about the government What ideas do you have for the next TC RAM? Shouldn’t we do something on social protection?

Conclusion: define success, then work to achieve it Substantive objectives in the country That vocational training course we have put on every year for the last 20 The head of the Labour Congress just called and wants us to do a programme on globalization I want to do another stage of my research on the garment industry for my book We have to organize a study tour for a delegation from another country IPEC is launching a new TBP We need to provide some capacity building for the employers association if we’ve done something for the workers Can we translate the GPE program into the local language and deliver it A new pilot program for women entrepreneurs The Minister of Labour wants to know why the Committee of Experts said such terrible things about the government What ideas do you have for the next TC RAM? Shouldn’t we do something on social protection? Real change (outcome) in the country Activity by ILO

Defining outcomes Significant changes (policies, knowledge, skills, behaviours or practices, etc) that are intended to occur as a result of ILO work, whether independently or in collaboration with partners. (ILO guidebook)

DWCP is…. The main instrument for ILO cooperation over a period of four to six years in a specific country It specifies the Office's intended results during a specific time period (country programme outcomes) Is consistent with the ILO commitment to tripartism and social dialogue Draws on consultation with constituents (GO, Es, Ws organizations) to establish priorities Is implemented with the engagement of constituents Provides a vehicle for ILO to manage its collaboration with other UN agencies and partners through UN Development Assistance Frameworks

DWCP Vary from country to country Starts with problem analysis Identifies a limited number of priorities In line with national development plans, Common Country Assessment (CCA), UN development Assistance Framework (UNDAF), ILO’s Strategic Policy Framework (SPF) and Programme and Budget (P&B) Sets intended Country Programme Outcomes (CPOs)

DWCP content Sets intended Country Programme Outcomes (CPOs) Defines an implementation plan with outputs, activities and resources Defines an internal management tool Monitors and evaluates performance

DWCP – The Process Problem analysis and lessons learned in the country – the Country Context Identifies number of country programme priorities (in line with the views and priorities of constituents and the ILO Strategic Policy Framework (SPF) and Programme and Budget (P&B) Limited number of intended Country Programmes Outcomes, indicators, targets and strategies Implementation Plan with outputs, activities and resources

Preparing a DWCP: a six-step cycle Regional support group / quality assurance framework Constituents’ involvement Country Context CP Priorities Linked to P&B CP Outcomes Planning Implementation Reporting and evaluation

A six-step cycle Step 1defining the country context Step 2establishing the country programme priorities Step 3defining intended outcomes, indicators, targets and strategies Step 4DWCP implementation planning Step 5Implementation, monitoring and reporting Step 6 review and evaluation

A good DWCP … has 1- 3 Country Programme Priorities. These: –Are the basis of tripartite cooperation –Define where ILO resources (expertise and funds) will be used –Engage constituents in setting priorities, recognizing not all issues can be addressed – Establish the basis for concrete results – Set out ILO’s contribution to UNDAF.

Nota bene about priorities: Engaging constituents in the development of country programme priorities is a dialogue: the ILO is an advocacy organization, in addition to delivering services. We may need to identify and press constituents in areas beyond their ‘zone of comfort’ – to agree on issues like fundamental principles and rights, gender equality, etc.

DWCP and the P&B The DWCP: –has a longer time period and a broader scope than the P&B –may include outcomes which constitute progress towards those sought in the P&B. –outcomes restate the ‘general’ formulations in P&B indicators in more specific terms: they may lead to progressive improvements in those indicators.

DWCPs and RBM* DWCPs are based on the RBM approach* They define intended results to be achieved at the country level (CP outcomes) Elaborate strategies to achieve them Indicate how to measure their achievements * A management approach that directs organizational processes, resources, products and services towards the achievements of measurable results

Policy coherence and resource integration Actions in different technical areas Various means of action Contributions from external offices, HQs and Turin Support from different funding sources

DWCPs support performance management More accountability More transparent information and use of resources Better performance monitoring and reporting Direct participation of ILO constituents More effective communication tool and platform for partnerships

ILO Output: things we produce and can control: such as ‘technical advice’; delivered by a number of different means – research, seminar, advisory meetings. Someone else’s Output: things they produce and can control: such as ‘adopt economic policies that stimulate increased employment’ Impact: The intended result of their action : such as ‘ poverty is reduced’ What evidence do you have that what you will produce will have the desired result? Has everyone agreed to this as the intended impact? Are the ‘someone elses’ involved and committed? This is ILO’s ‘outcome’ Strategies and logical frameworks

ILO Goals in the UN Reform Ensuring that Decent Work is a priority in national development strategies Strengthening the voice and capacity of ILO constituents: real engagement of social partners Ensuring integration between the policy and operational aspects of decent work Integrating International Labour Standards into HRBA

Thank you!