Localities in Sweden – definition and methodology Karin Hedeklint, Department for Regions and Environment Land and Water Use Statistics, GIS

Definition - Locality At least 200 inhabitants Max 200 meters between buildings Clusters of holiday homes not included Independent of administrative boundaries −Uninhabited buildings and workplaces are taken into account −Buildings for agriculture not taken into account −Public areas or infrastructure can link clusters of buildings together At least 200 inhabitants Max 200 meters between buildings Clusters of holiday homes not included Independent of administrative boundaries −Uninhabited buildings and workplaces are taken into account −Buildings for agriculture not taken into account −Public areas or infrastructure can link clusters of buildings together Joint Nordic definition adopted in 1960

Definition "A densely built area includes any cluster of buildings with at least 200 inhabitants, unless the distance between the houses exceeds 200 metres. However, the distance may exceed 200 metres if the cluster of buildings is situated within the area of influence of a larger locality. On the other hand, the maximum limit between the houses should be set lower than 200 metres, if the character of the settlement requires this. This could be needed in small localities where no clear locality centre exists or when the border between locality and countryside is diffuse. In other words: when the settlement in the locality does not appear significantly more dense than within other nearby built-up areas in the vicinity. When delineating localities, uninhabited buildings are also taken into account, including buildings used exclusively as workplaces. However, buildings for agriculture are not taken into account if they are separated from the main building of the property. Regarding holiday homes, it is up to the individual countries to decide if these buildings should be included or not. In Sweden, clusters of holiday homes are not included, unless half of these buildings are used as permanent housing. Institutions and the like that are situated outside of the locality are counted as a locality if the residing staff with families etc. but without patients amount to at least 200 persons. Even if the distance between buildings exceeds 200 metres, the locality should not be divided if the area between the buildings is used for public purposes such as roads, parking spaces, parks, sports grounds and cemeteries. The same applies to undeveloped areas such as storage sites, railways and docks. The division into densely populated and sparsely populated areas is done independently regardless of administrative boundaries. Clusters of buildings that make up a direct continuation of a densely populated area in a neighbouring municipality should be included in this presentation of localities."

Delimitation - How to do it Every five years Primarily, a manual procedure

Source data Registers within the Statistics Sweden Localities and other types of areas Population register Real estate register Business register Registers from other agencies Geodata from other producers

Other sources Land cover data, building register, real property and cadastral information (from the Swedish mapping, cadastral and land registration authority) Satellite imagery National roads & railway database Geodata cooperation – facilitates exchange of data!

Adjusting existing localities

Orthophoto

Topographic map

Creating new localities 100 meter buffer for all real estates with inhabitants, outside existing localities Population ≥ 200: Candidate as a new locality Share of holiday homes and number of employees Delimit border manually using coordinates for buildings, orthophotos and topographic maps Dialogue with municipalities Code: T+ 4 digits (Example T6848) Names: Place name authority, dialogue with municipalities and others

Dismissed localities Localities merged together −Code and name of largest locality Population ≤ 199 −Other classification: Smaller locality ( inhabitants) More than 50 % holiday homes −Other classifications: Smaller locality and Concentration of holiday homes

Concentrations of workplaces (since 2000) One or more workplaces in the business register Max 300 meters between workplaces/buildings At least 50 employees Concentrations of workplaces (since 2000) One or more workplaces in the business register Max 300 meters between workplaces/buildings At least 50 employees Smaller localities (since 1990) Max 150 meters between buildings inhabitants Smaller localities (since 1990) Max 150 meters between buildings inhabitants Concentrations of holiday homes (since 2000) Buildings classified as holiday homes in the real estate register At least 50 holiday homes Max 150 meters between buildings Concentrations of holiday homes (since 2000) Buildings classified as holiday homes in the real estate register At least 50 holiday homes Max 150 meters between buildings Areas outside localities

Locality Smaller locality Concentration of holiday homes Concentration of workplaces

Statistics Type of areaNumberAreaPopulationEmployees Localities1 9561,3 %85 %87 % (2005) Smaller localities2 9200,2 %3 % Concentrations of weekend homes ,1 % Concentrations of workplaces 6020,1 % Sparsely built areas98,3 %12 %5 % (2005) Other5 % (2005)

Size of localities 1956 localities 41 % less than 500 inhabitants 6 % more than inhabitants 0,4 % more than inhabitants

To discuss 1.Usage of the definition from 1960 Minimum population Distance between buildings Holiday homes within localities 2.Deviation from definition? In what cases? To what degree? 3.How often is delimitation undertaken? 4.How – methodology Manual Automated 5.Dismissed localities When? How?