Open Access: what you need to know This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Authored by the opeNWorks project.

What you need to know What is open access? Where did it come from? What are the benefits? How do you make your work openly accessible? Open Access policies and mandates

What is open access? Unrestricted online access to peer-reviewed scholarly research Free of charge Free of most restrictions on use (though attribution is still a must) Defined by the Bethesda, Berlin and Budapest statements on open access publishing

Where did it come from? The Open Access movement is a response to a number of developments and challenges within scholarly communications Technology allows quicker and cheaper dissemination of research outputs Journal subscription costs are increasing and libraries are struggling to keep up Growing demand for taxpayers to be able to access the research they fund

What are the benefits? For researchers: Increases impact – studies have found that OA research has higher citation rates Increases the amount of accessible research – no more being locked out by paywalls Stimulates collaboration

What are the benefits? For students and teachers: Unrestricted access to research, regardless of economic status or institutional affiliation Freedom to use and re-purpose research materials in new and interesting ways

What are the benefits? For the general public: Enables access to the research that their taxes fund and encourages lifelong learning Allows independent researchers to access research Gives businesses and other organisations access to research and encourages innovation

Enter here any statement you might have from senior management in your institution about the importance they place on open access

How do you make your work openly accessible? There are two routes to open access: GOLDGREEN

Gold open access Available immediately upon publication Available at the source of publication (usually the journal website) No charge at point of access for users Typically paid for with APCs (article processing charges) though there are other business models Typically made available under a Creative Commons licence

Article processing charges Fees charged to authors by journals to recover the costs of publication Average price around £1,800 but can vary between £200 and £4,000+ Fees charged by hybrid journals tend to cost more than those charged by pure open access journals (see next slide)

Pure or hybrid? Pure open access journals contain only work made openly accessible Hybrid journals contain a mix of both open access and subscription based content Some of these journals have been accused of “double dipping” as they are receiving income from both APCs and journal subscriptions

Green open access (or self- archiving) Subject to journal enforced embargo periods Available from a secondary source, such as a subject or institutional repository Author accepted manuscript rather than formatted publisher version deposited by authors themselves Check Sherpa/Romeo for your journal’s Green OA policySherpa/Romeo

Enter here some screenshots of your institutional repository, and/or provide a demonstration

Funder open access policies Research funders are keen to encourage the recipients of their grants to make their outputs openly accessible A number of OA policies have been announced in recent years that mandate open access

Research Councils UK RCUK consists of these funding bodies: Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Medical Research Council (MRC) Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Research Councils UK All peer-reviewed research articles and conference proceedings that acknowledge funding from RCUK must be made open access Supports both Green and Gold routes but has preference for Gold Funding is provided to institutions to pay for APCs If RCUK funds are used to pay for APCs, CC-BY licence must be used

Research Councils UK If going Green, maximum embargo periods must be complied with: Humanities and social sciences – 12 months STEM disciplines – 6 months Where funding is not available to pay APCs, these maximum embargo periods can be extended to 24 months for humanities and 12 months for STEM Check Sherpa/Romeo to see if your journal compliesSherpa/Romeo

Charity Open Access Fund (COAF) COAF includes the following organisations: Wellcome Arthritis Research UK Breast Cancer Campaign British Heart Foundation Cancer Research UK Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research

Charity Open Access Fund (COAF) Requires articles that acknowledge funding to be made open access as quickly as possible – no longer than six months from publication date Must also be deposited in PubMed Central and Europe PubMed Central but publishers are expected to do this Funds are provided to pay for Gold open access CC-BY licence must be used

HEFCE HEFCE announced their policy on open access and the next Research Excellence Framework in 2014 In order to be eligible for the next REF, all final peer-reviewed research articles and conference proceedings must comply with the policy

HEFCE All final peer-reviewed manuscripts and conference proceedings must be deposited in an institutional or subject repository within three months of acceptance Publisher embargo periods will be respected – maximum 24 months for humanities and 12 months for STEM Requirement applies from 1 April 2016

HEFCE No preference for any particular licence, but CC- BY-NC-ND would meet the requirements Applies to outputs already made open access via Gold route – these must also be deposited in an institutional or subject repository

Enter here links to your institution’s policy on open access, if you have one

Useful links RCUK policy HEFCE policy COAF/Wellcome policy Creative Commons guide Sherpa/Romeo Also enter here link to your institution’s own web pages on open access, if you have some