Europeans Compete in North America

 Religious Conflicts  Protestant Church  Economic Conflicts  Mercantilism: colonies existed to make the home county wealthy and powerful  Spanish Armada  King Philip assembled fleet of 130 warships to force Queen Elizabeth from the throne Conflicts in Europe

 John Cabot  set out for Asia, never made it, landed in North America  Voyages focused on finding northwest passage: a sea route from the Atlantic to the Pacific that passed through or around North America  Giovanni da Verrazano  Searched for the passage for France  Discovered mouth of the Hudson River and New York Bay Voyages

 Jacques Cartier  made three trips for France  Discovered St. Lawrence River and explored it  Henry Hudson  4 voyages  Reached New York and explored up the river Voyages

 Samuel de Champlain  11 voyages to explore and map lands along St. Lawrence River  Established Quebec  In the New France colony it was peaceful  Traded with Native Americans rather than force labor  Established an alliance: an agreement between parties that benefits them both  Fish and furs  Trading post New France

 Jacques Marquette  Founded two missions along the Great Lakes  Canoed down the Mississippi River looking for passage  Stopped when decided it didn’t go to the ocean  La Salle later explored it, saw it went to Gulf of Mexico and claimed Mississippi Valley for France  Named Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV New France

 1610 Dutch traders arrived in Hudson River Valley and traded with Native Americans  Dutch West India Company  Established permanent colony  Patroon landownership  Settlers arrived and settled in Fort Orange (Albany)  Another group settled at the mouth of the Hudson River  Peter Minuit purchased the island from Native Americans  “New Amsterdam” New Netherland

 Kept English from moving westward  English forces seized in 1664  New territory was renamed New York New Netherland