Fatigue is:  The Body’s “Downtime”  Follows a Period of: Extended mental activity Extended physical activity  Characterized by: Reduced capacity for work Reduced efficiency of brain function Definition of Fatigue T – 7.22 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Causes of Fatigue Emotional Stress  Emotional Stress  Sleep Disorders  Body’s Natural “downtime”  Midnight to 6 a.m.  1 p.m. to 3 p.m. Disruption of Cicadian Rhythm  Disruption of Cicadian Rhythm  Extended Physical Activity T – 7.23 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Physical Symptoms of Fatigue  Tired Muscles  General Body Sensation of Tiredness  Sleepiness  Mental Dullness T – 7.24 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Physical Symptoms of Fatigue  Localized Pain in Back of Head  Pain and Soreness in Muscles  Stiffness in Joints  Swelling of Hands and Feet T – 7.25 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Mental Symptoms of Fatigue  Inability to Maintain Attention  Impaired Memory  Failure to Grasp New Ideas  Difficulty/Slowness in Reasoning T – 7.26 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Delaying Fatigue Onset  Avoid Long Drives  Avoid Leaning Forward or Backward  Keep Your Eyes Moving  Get Plenty of Fresh Air T – 7.27 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Delaying Fatigue Symptoms Change Drivers at Regular Intervals Change Drivers at Regular Intervals Wear Your Safety Belt Wear Your Safety Belt Avoid Getting Angry Avoid Getting Angry Adjust HVAC Properly Adjust HVAC Properly T – 7.28 Topic 5 Lesson 1

Why do you think Virginia has a Zero Tolerance Law for drivers under age 21? Why do some people choose not to use alcohol or other drugs? Using or Not Using? T – 7.1 Topic 1 Lesson 1

Your Choices and Responsibilities Your Choices and Responsibilities T – 7.1a Topic 1 Lesson 1 Having a driver’s license involves more than just knowing how to drive. It involves demonstrating responsible adult behaviors. NO Thanks I’m Driving Responsibility: starts with the decisions you make;starts with the decisions you make; your ability to carefully consider the potential consequences of your choices; andyour ability to carefully consider the potential consequences of your choices; and acceptance of the financial responsibility for the harm you cause yourself or others.acceptance of the financial responsibility for the harm you cause yourself or others. Virginia’s Zero Tolerance Law protect citizens from underage drinking and driving.

ZERO TOLERANCE Cannot purchase, possess or consume alcohol under age 21 BAC 0.02 = DUI BAC = Suspension of driving privilege for 1 YEAR from date of conviction AND Minimum mandatory of $500 OR be required to complete at least 50 HOURS of community service

IMPLIED CONSENT When you sign for your drivers license/permit, you are agreeing to take a breathalyzer if a police officer has reasonable cause to believe you are drinking and driving FAILURE/REFUSAL TO DO SO = Automatic 7 DAY license suspension AND ARREST

OTHER PENALTIES FOR ALCOHOL VIOLATIONS Under Age Possession of Alcohol: 1 year driving suspension AND $500 minimum fine or complete at least 50 hours of community service

Evaluating Impairment Involves Making personal decisions about alcohol and the driving taskMaking personal decisions about alcohol and the driving task Analyzing the alcohol-related safety problemAnalyzing the alcohol-related safety problem Understanding the physiological and psychological effects of alcohol on the driving taskUnderstanding the physiological and psychological effects of alcohol on the driving task Studying the effects of other drugs on the driving taskStudying the effects of other drugs on the driving task Understanding driver fatigue and the dangers of road rageUnderstanding driver fatigue and the dangers of road rage T – 7.3 Topic 1 Lesson 1

Impact of Alcohol Crashes on Virginians T – 7.3a Topic 2 Lesson 1 Alcohol Related FactsVirginia 2002 Alcohol-related Fatalities Total Drivers Passengers Pedestrians Total Drivers Passengers Pedestrians 8,465 5,668 2, Alcohol-related Fatalities Total Drivers Passengers Pedestrians Alcohol-related Injuries Total Drivers Passengers Pedestrians 1, ALL Persons Killed Young People Injured Injured Young People Killed Killed Virginia Statistics provided by DMV’s 2002 Crash Report All Persons Injured Alcohol-related Injuries

Elimination Rate Topic 3 Lesson 1 T – 7.10 Myth The average person can tolerate one drink per hour without substantial impairment. Facts Sobriety returns ONLY with time.Sobriety returns ONLY with time. Alcohol is eliminated at approximately.015 BAC per hour.Alcohol is eliminated at approximately.015 BAC per hour. Titanic Principle If you take in more than your system can pump out, sooner or later you’ll sink!

Elimination Rate Topic 3 Lesson 1 T – 7.10a Example Based on 1 drink per hour for 6 hours 150 lb male BAC in (6 hr. x.03) =.18 BAC out (6 hr. x.015) =.09 BAC after 6 hr. ( ) =.09 BAC remaining 150 lb female BAC in (6 hr. x.033) =.198 BAC out (6 hr. x.015) =.09 BAC after 6 hr. ( ) =.108 BAC remaining

Elimination of Alcohol ELIMINATION PROCESS An adult male with normal liver function eliminates Breath Urine Sweat } 10% LIVER 90% about BAC per hour. Therefore:BAC of 0.05 = 3.5 hours for removal BAC of 0.07 = 5.0 hours for removal BAC of 0.10 = 7.0 hours for removal BAC of 0.15 = 10.0 hours for removal T – 7.10b Topic 3 Lesson 1

HRS Elimination Rate Stops Drinking at 12:30am.16 = BAC Peak at 1 am Still legally INTOXICATED (.08) at 6 am Still IMPAIRED (.05) at 9:30AM ABSORPTIONELIMINATION BAC T – 7.11 Topic 3 Lesson 1

Alcohol and Space Management Alcohol and Space Management Searching AlcoholAlcohol narrows the field of visionnarrows the field of vision lessens visual acuitylessens visual acuity impedes the ability to distinguish colorsimpedes the ability to distinguish colors reduces the ability to rapidly change focus from close to farreduces the ability to rapidly change focus from close to far may produce double vision by relaxing the muscles that control the eyesmay produce double vision by relaxing the muscles that control the eyes reduces the ability to judge distance accuratelyreduces the ability to judge distance accurately After drinking, a driver may tend to stare at the center line.After drinking, a driver may tend to stare at the center line. T – 7.15 – 7.16 Topic 4 Lesson 1

Alcohol and Space Management T – 7.17 Topic 4 Lesson 2 Evaluating Alcohol impairs judgment diminishes the ability to process multiple variables lessens the ability to concentrate

Alcohol and Space Management Topic 4 Lesson 2 T – 7.18 Executing Alcohol causes changes in coordination slows reaction time affects the ability to judge distance a drinking driver may perceive something as further away than it is affects ability to judge speed drinking driver may be unable to judge speed of approaching traffic