Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Vince Austin, Bluegrass Technical and Community College C H A P T E R 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric P A R T C

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Nervous Tissue  Branched neurons with long cellular processes and support cells  Neurons: generate and conduct electrical impulses  Supporting cells: support, insulate, and protect neurons  Function: Transmits electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors  Regulates and controls body functions  Location: brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Nervous Tissue Figure 4.10

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue  Well vascularized  Responsible for movement  Contractile in nature  3 Types  Skeletal  Cardiac  Smooth

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Skeletal  Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations  Function: Initiates and controls voluntary movement  Location: skeletal muscles that attach to bones or skin

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Figure 4.11a

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Cardiac  Branching, striated, uninucleate cells interlocking at intercalated discs  Involuntary  Function: Propels blood into the circulation  Location: walls of the heart

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Cardiac Figure 4.11b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Smooth  Sheets of spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei that have no striations  Involuntary  Function: Propels substances along internal passageways (i.e. peristalsis)  Location: walls of hollow organs

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue: Smooth Figure 4.11c

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Tissue Regeneration  Regeneration: replacement of destroyed tissue with the same kind of tissue  Fibrosis: repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue)  Determination of method  Type of tissue damaged  Severity of the injury  Nutrition, Circulation, Age of person

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Degree of Regenerative Capacity Strong Weak Epithelial Areolar Dense Irregular Blood Bone Skeletal Muscle Cartilage Smooth Muscle Dense Regular * No Regenerative Capacity * Cardiac Muscle Nervous Tissue