Dental Care

The tooth Anathomy  Covers the crown  Protective covering  Hardest thing in our body, even harder than bone!  Covers the crown  Protective covering  Hardest thing in our body, even harder than bone!  Fills the space inside the tooth  Contains blood vessels and nerves that keep the tooth alive!  Fills the space inside the tooth  Contains blood vessels and nerves that keep the tooth alive!  Yellowish bone-like tissue  Support and forms the bulk of the tooth structure  Covered by the enamel on the crown and the cementum on the root.  Chemically composed of 20% collagen and 75% calcium and phosphate, 5% water and other mucosubstances.  Yellowish bone-like tissue  Support and forms the bulk of the tooth structure  Covered by the enamel on the crown and the cementum on the root.  Chemically composed of 20% collagen and 75% calcium and phosphate, 5% water and other mucosubstances.

Faktor Kunci  Worldwide, 60–90% of school children and nearly 100% of adults have dental cavities.  Dental cavities can be prevented by maintaining a constant low level of fluoride in the oral cavity.  Severe periodontal (gum) disease, which may result in tooth loss, is found in 15–20% of middle-aged (35-44 years) adults.  Globally, about 30% of people aged 65–74 have no natural teeth.  Risk factors for oral diseases include an unhealthy diet, tobacco use, harmful alcohol use and poor oral hygiene, and social determinants.

let’s talk about what makes a cavity in your tooth! Cavities are caused by PLAQUE! What is PLAQUE?  An invisible film of germs that constantly grows on your teeth.  It feels fuzzy. Rub your tongue on your teeth, do they feel fuzzy? You brush your teeth to remove PLAQUE!

Close-up view of plaque. Biofilm bacteria, which consists of several species of bacteria (cocci, rods, motile spirochetes), organic material (salivary proteins) and organic matter secreted by the bacteria (yellow-stained) an illustration of dental plaque at the gingival margin. The enamel (e) has plaque biofilm (b) growing at the border of the inflamed gingival (g). Same plaque at closer look. There is a ‘white spot’ lesion (w) developing at the margin of the gingiva, and brown calculus (c) developing in the sulcus attached to the tooth.

People who consume sugars frequently in their diet increase the levels of streptococci and lactobacilli The two bacteria species thought to be responsible for caries.  These bacteria continue to thrive as the pH drops.  If the plaque is not removed, eventually, the enamel starts to decalcify and an incipient ‘white spot’ lesion ensues.

To Reduce Palque:  Improve Hygiene  Introduce Anti microbials To Reduce Palque:  Improve Hygiene  Introduce Anti microbials To Reduce Acid:  Neutralizing plaque acids  Stimulate saliva  Modify diet To Reduce Acid:  Neutralizing plaque acids  Stimulate saliva  Modify diet To Increase enamel resistance:  Introduce topical flourides  Apply remineralizing agent To Increase enamel resistance:  Introduce topical flourides  Apply remineralizing agent

 Tooth enamel is made up of hydroxyapatite  a hard- wearing mineral that contains a matrix of positive calcium ions and negative phosphate ions.  When enamel contact with acid  the calcium gets stripped away, dissolving the tooth  Mechanical brushing dislodges these bacteria and rinses them away, but doesn't damage to enamel from acid exposure.  Saliva neutralizes these acids to remineralize the enamel.  Rate demineralization and remineralization balance, teeth strong and healthy. Plaque Removal

 When more minerals are lost from teeth than are replaced, dental caries or cavities form.  Fluoride helps by interacting with hydroxyapatite to form a stronger compound that is less-susceptible to acid attack.  Fluoride remineralizes damaged enamel (though it can't fix a cavity once one has formed).  There is some evidence fluoride may inhibit the growth of bacteria on teeth or limit their capacity for producing acid.  Even though you spit out toothpaste and probably rinse your mouth, enough fluoride remains on your teeth and in your saliva to confer protection for a while after brushing your teeth or using a fluoridated rinse. Plaque Removal

 Scientists researching the health consequences of untreated dental plaque have discovered that oral health practices directly influence the potential development of cardiovascular disease.  When periodontitis impacts teeth and gum health, bacteria associated with dental plaque are capable of disseminating throughout the bloodstream and into the vascular endothelium.  As a result, an increase in the risk of experiencing atherosclerosis, myocardial infraction and myocardial ischemia occurs, health events that are often preceded by serious thromboembolic conditions.  In fact, studies involving platelet aggregation, an event common to various heart diseases has been shown to be facilitated by plaque bacteria (Annals of Periodontology, 1998, July, volume three issue, pp ). Health Effects of Untreated Plaque Health Effects of Untreated Plaque

Teeth Whitening

What I want to know about teeth whitening bleaching?  Commonly used agents are:  Hydrogen peroxide (3-35%)  Carbamide peroxide (10%)  Chlorinated lime  Oxalic acid  Usually low concentrations used in home bleaching systems.  As darker the stain it takes longer period to eliminate that (tetracycline stain takes about 6 months to improve)  Chlorine compounds and solutions  Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite  Mixtures 25% hydrogen peroxide in 75% ether (pyrozone).hydrogen peroxideether

Pemutihan Gigi

Organic Sesame Oil  mixed with saliva and can be used as a gargle Avoid Tobacco Desensitize toothpastes  filling the channels in dentin which ultimately reduces the pain Brushing  Keeping the teeth free from plaque is helpful for the patients Clove in powdered Flouride Rinses & Baking Soda Avoid Too Much Mouthwash Vitamin B1 & Calcium Aloe Vera  healing the wounds and burns, reduce inflammation gums Chamomile  reducing inflammation and fighting against the bacteria Thyme  killing the germs and keeping the breathe fresh Cinnamon  killing the bacteria inside the mouth Onion & Salt Water  killing the germs inside the mouth

Evolution of technologies in oral products