Musculoskeletal System

Common names

Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal system that stores minerals 3. bone marrow – soft tissue inside a bone that makes blood cells and stores fat

4. cartilage – the tissue between the bones in your movable joints 5. joint – is a place where two or more bones meet 6. ligament – connects bones together at joints 7. tendon – attaches muscles to bones

8. Osteoporosis – a disease in which the bones become weaker 9. arthritis – painful joints 10. voluntary muscles – muscles you have control over 11. involuntary muscles – muscles you do not have control over

1. What is your Skeletal System? a. The skeleton is the framework to hold you up and protect organs –b. More than 200 bones – 206 as an adult

–c. Almost every bone is connected to another bone by a joint i. Ligaments hold two bones together at joints ii. Joints also allow bones to move iii. Tendons attach muscles to bones

–d. types of bones – long, short, flat, irregular

2. Bone and joints 2. Bone and joint development –a. cartilage between bones in movable joints, keeps bones from grinding together –b. soft flexible tissue when you are a baby, as you get older it hardens and becomes bone tissue as minerals, such as calcium, build up in the bone

–c. types of joints – fixed, slightly moveable, and synovial (ball and socket, hinge, gliding, pivot, and saddle) –d. Osteoporosis – is a disease in which the bones become weaker –e. Arthritis – is irritation of the joints, painful joints

Joints

3. What is your muscular system? –a. Made up of all your muscles –b. Movement occurs by contracting the muscle (length shortens) –c. Some muscles stretch across movable joints

–d. Connection of bone to muscle = tendons, bone to bone = ligaments –e. Muscles only pull, not push – helped by working in pairs - ex: bicep and tricep When one contracts, the other relaxes –f. muscles you have control over are voluntary – EX: moving your arm to catch a ball, muscles that you do not have control over are involuntary – EX: heart beating

4. Kinds of muscles Skeletal muscle – muscles that is attached to bones, when they contract they pull on bones causing bone movement Smooth muscle – is muscle that forms some internal organs, contraction of this type of muscles pushes materials through the organ Cardiac muscle – is muscle that forms the heart

Review Lesson 2 Review – Lesson 2 What does your skeleton do? What does bone marrow do? How do your muscles make your bones move? List the 3 kinds of muscles and describe their functions.