Chapter 21, Lesson 3 Changing Culture. Education Mandatory school in most states by 1914 Public High Schools: 100-1860, 12,000-1914 Mostly girls (boys.

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Chapter 21, Lesson 3 Changing Culture

Education Mandatory school in most states by 1914 Public High Schools: , 12, Mostly girls (boys working) Few Afr Am in South went to poor quality, segregated schools 1900 New philosophy (ideas or beliefs) in education by John Dewey: progressive education-learning by doing, not memorizing

Colleges/Universities 1862 Morrill Act gave states land for schools (land-grant colleges) By 1910, women’s colleges accounted for 40% of students: Vassar, Smith, Wellesley, & Bryn Mawr Hampton Institute & Howard U for Afr Am

Tuskegee 1881 Hampton student Booker T Washington founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama 1896 scientist George Washington Carver joined staff Developed 100s of products from peanuts: paper, plastic, peanut butter

Readers Carnegie pledged to build a public library in any city that would pay to run it Realism: literature based on lives of ordinary people Regionalism: lit. based on specific region of the country Mark Twain was both: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn & The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, set along the Mississippi River

American Authors Stephen Crane wrote about city slums in Maggie: A Girl of the Streets & Civil War in Red Badge of Courage Jack London wrote about lives of hunters & miners in The Sea Wolf & The Call of the Wild Edith Wharton wrote about upper-class Easterners The House of Mirth & The Age of Innocence

Newspapers New inventions in printing made daily newspapers possible Joseph Pulitzer ran the New York World, had over 1 million daily readers William Randolph Hearst ran the New York Morning Journal had 1 million+, used pictures & cartoons Hearst used yellow journalism to exaggerate & sensationalize stories

Leisure & Arts Spectator sports (games watched for fun) were popular-baseball & football Dr James Naismith invented basketball in 1890s Wealthy played golf & tennis at private clubs Bicycle riding was popular

Vaudeville & Movies Theaters in cities became very popular Inexpensive vaudeville shows included dancing, singing, comedy, & magic Travelling circus Edison invented moving pictures (movies) 1 st theaters called nickelodeons (cost 5¢)

Art American painters used realist themes Frederic Remington portrayed life in American West: cowhands & Native Americans Winslow Homer: Southern farmers, Adirondack campers, & stormy sea scenes Impressionist Childe Hassam painted scenes of NYC & landscape of New England

Remington

Homer

Hassam

Music Jazz: combined work songs, gospel, spirituals, & African rhythms Jelly Roll Morton: Ragtime: used syncopation (shifting usual musical accent) Scott Joplin: