World War I

Financing the War  Liberty Bonds –$20 Billion  Managing the Economy –U.S. Gov’t controls production of war related goods –New Agencies  War Industries Board, War Trade Board, National War Labor Board, and War Labor Policies Board –Regulating Food and Fuel Consumption  Lever Food and Fuel Control Act (1917)  Food Administration

Enforcing Loyalty  Government censored the press  Fear of Foreigners –National Security League –Literacy tests for immigrants  “Hate the Hun” –Anti-German sentiment –Robert Prager  Repression of Civil Liberties –Espionage Act (1917) –Sedition Act (1918)  Controlling Political Radicals

Changing People’s Lives  Social Mobility for Minorities and Women –Great Migration –Women gain more jobs during the war  Prohibition

Global Peacemaker  Wilson’s Fourteen Points  The Paris Peace Conference –Wilson forced to compromise  League of Nations passes  France wants to destroy Germany  Russia not there  Wilson forced to give up on many of the 14 Points –League of Nations  International peace organization  Wilson does not get support at home for the League

The Peace Treaty  War Guilt and Reparations –Germany forced into reparations –Germany forced to pay $33 Billion  Signing the Treaty –Germany did not want to sign  France threatened to invade –Treaty of Versailles  June 28, 1919

Wilson Back Home  Seeking Approval at Home –Congress does not want U.S. in the League of Nations (Monroe Doctrine) –Wilson tours the country –A Formal end to hostilities –July 2, 1921 –U.S. signs peace agreement with Germany  Difficult Postwar Adjustments –Economy boosted by war –Postwar gloom –African American troops at home