The Structure of the muscular system Year 10 GCSE

Aims: To know the muscles that make up the muscular system Identify the 3 different types of muscles Understand how movement occurs through the muscular and skeletal system

Key terms Origin – the end of a muscle attached to the stable bone which the muscle can pull Insertion – the end of a muscle attached to the bone that the muscle puts into action Prime mover (Agonist) – the muscle that contracts during the action Antagonist – The muscle that relaxes during a contraction

Muscles The muscular system has a link with the skeletal system in order for movement to occur. How many muscles do you think there are in the body? 600!

1. Skeletal Muscle Also called voluntary muscles Help give the body its shape Called voluntary as they are under your conscious control Task – in groups label as many muscles as you can using the handout

Skeletal Muscles

Antagonist / Prime mover Using the key terms label the antagonist & prime mover for each picture

2. Cardiac Muscle A form of Involuntary muscles. They work automatically and constantly. Found in the walls of the heart

Involuntary Muscle You cannot control these muscles Found in the walls of the intestines and blood vessels They have to keep contracting to allow body functions to continue.

Muscles and movement Muscles can only provide type of movement – pull All muscles work in. One muscle contracts as the other. Muscle is attached to the bone by a. Exercise helps improve strength and of tendons and ligaments. This is important they can very often be injured or damaged Muscles always maintain a slight degree of tension as the andare working against each other. This is know as muscle tone. one pairs relaxes tendon flexibility as agonistantagonist