Prehistory. What is History? When does history begin? How do we know what we know about prehistory?

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Presentation transcript:

Prehistory

What is History? When does history begin? How do we know what we know about prehistory?

Stratigraphic archaeology!!

Comparison between regions: How might comparing many regions give a good overall picture of human life?

Two key periods of prehistory: Paleolithic Neolithic What defines them?

Why would humans shift away from hunting and gathering to agriculture?

This art will show both the macrocosmic (astronomical cycles) and the microcosmic (materials available to local environments). What is macrocosmic? What is microcosmic?

Works we will discuss today: Paleolithic: Apollo 11 Stones, Great Hall of the Bulls Neolithic: Running Horned Woman, Stonehenge, Bushel with Ibex Motifs, Anthropomorphic Stele Locations of these objects: Europe, Africa and the Near East

Apollo 11 Stones – BCE Content? Focus? Mood? Realism? Function? Patron? Setting?

Great Hall of the Bulls 15,000 years old Content? Focus? Mood? Realism? Function? Patron? Setting?

Running Horned Woman – 6,000 BCE. Algeria What can we tell? Why is she female? Realism? Patron? Setting? Algeria

Begin the Neolithic – what starts here?

Stonehenge – 3000 BCE Content – Sarsen Stones, Blue Stones, Post and Lintel! Function? Patron – is this a decentralized society? Setting – Salisbury Plain, England

Bushel with Ibex Motifs: 5000 years old Content? – What is an Ibex? Focus: How do lines create the focus? Mood: How do lines establish the mood? Realism: Is this “composite” style? Is this strictly conceptual? Function: The technology of pottery!!! How do you make a pot? What is in the middle of the horns? Setting: Burial. Susa, Iran

Anthropomorphic Stele 3000 BCE Content: What is striking about this? Mood: expression? Setting: Saudi Arabia Realism Function?

The image on the left is Paleolithic, and the image on the right is Neolithic. Using specific visual evidence, identify common and dissimilar artistic concerns of the Paleolithic and the Neolithic. 1 st step: Read and underline important words!!! 2 nd step: Circle the tasks.

Two key periods of prehistory: Paleolithic Neolithic What defines them?

This art will show both the macrocosmic (astronomical cycles) and the microcosmic (materials available to local environments). What is macrocosmic? What is microcosmic?

Today’s Forecast Art Works: Jade cong, Camelid Sacrum, Tlatilco Female Figurine, Ambum Stone, Terra Cotta Fragment Locations: Meso America, Asia, Pacific Key Concepts: The Shamanic World View; Comparison between Regions

Jade Cong 3,000 BCE What is a Cong? Liangzhu Cultures Content: Material? Faces? Function: ????? Setting: Burial

How is this potentially Shamanic?

Camelid Sacrum (14,000 BCE) Like European art (Lascaux) how? Content? Function? Setting: Tequixquiac, Mexico What important event in human history might this refer to?

Tlatilco Female Figure 1200 BCE What is Shamanism? Content: Ceramic Mood? Function? Setting: Burials and houses

Pacific Migrations possible due to lowered sea levels during ice age

Ambum Stone 1500 BCE Papua New Guinea Content: What is this? Function: Look familiar? In addition to its use, what is the Ambum Stone’s potential shamanic purpose?

Terra Cotta Fragment 1000 BCE Solomon Islands Content: What do we know about ceramics? What do we see? Realism: Is is realistic? Is it stylized? Setting: Lapita Culture

This art will show both the macrocosmic (astronomical cycles) and the microcosmic (materials available to local environments). What is macrocosmic? What is microcosmic?

Summary of Global Prehistory What are the materials?

Summary of Global Prehistory What are the materials? Organic paint pigments Stone Cave walls Ceramics

Summary of Global Prehistory What are recurring themes?

Summary of Global Prehistory What are recurring themes? Procreation/Fertility Food Women Animals The workings of the natural world The Supernatural world Death

Summary of Global Prehistory What is the historical context? Paleolithic: Neolithic:

Summary of Global Prehistory What is the historical context? Paleolithic: Survival, finding food, magic Neolithic: the beginnings of hierarchy, the beginnings of agriculture

The image to the right is the Venus of Willendorf. Using specific visual evidence, speculate on BOTH the likely historical concerns AND the functional intentions of the people who fashioned this art historical object. NOT PIECE!!!!!!!!!