1. Africa, Europe, and the Near East in the
Chapter 1
The Birth of Art:
Africa, Europe, and the Near East in the
Stone Age

3. For art historians to declare a piece an “artwork,” it must have been modified by human intervention beyond mere selection.

4. “Waterworn pebble resembling a human face”
Makapansget,
South Africa
3,000,000 BC
Reddish brown jasperite
2 3/8” wide

5. “Animal Facing Left”
Apollo 11 Cave, Namibia 23,000 BC
Charcoal on Stone 5” x 4 1/4”

6. “Venus of Willendorf”
Willendorf, Austria
28, ,000 BC
Limestone
4 1/2 “ high

7. High Relief, Clay, each figure @ 2” long
“Two Bison” Cave at Le Tuc d’Audoubert, Ariege, France, 15,000-10,000 BC
High Relief, Clay, each 2” long

8. “Bison With Turned Head” La Madeleine, Dordogne, France, 12,000 BC
Fragmentary Spearthrower, Reindeer Horn, 4” long, Bas-relief

9. (detail of a painted ceiling)
“Bison”
(detail of a painted ceiling)
Altamira Cave,
Santander, Spain
12, ,000 BC
(discovered 1879)
Each 5’ long

10. “Hall of the Bulls” (left wall), Lascaux, Dordogne, France,
15, ,000 BC Largest 11’ 6” long

11. “Aurochs, Horses, and Rhinoceroses,”
Chauvet Cave, Vallon-Pont-d’ArcArdeche, France,
30, ,000 BC or 15, ,000 BC

12. Great stone tower built into the settlement wall,
Jericho BC

13. Ruins of Jericho’s walls today,

14. Human Figure
from
Ain Ghazal, Jordan BC
3’ 5 3/8” high

15. Schematic reconstruction drawing of a section of Level VI,
Catal Hoyuk, Turkey BC

16. Deer Hunt, detail of a wall painting from Level III,
Catal Hoyuk, Turkey BC

17. Landscape with Volcanic Eruption Catal Hoyuk, Turkey 6150 BC
(Considered by many to be the world’s first landscape)

18. Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England, 2550 -1600 BC
“Stonehenge”
Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England, BC
Circle is 97’ in diameter, trilithons 24’ high