1. Early Humankind
SOL 2a, b, c, d

2. When and Where do Early Humans Emerge?
Homo sapiens emerged in east Africa between 100,000 and 400,000 years ago.

3. Chart acquired from: http://www. div1grade7

4. Where do early humans migrate?
Homo sapiens migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas.

6. On what do early humans depend?
Early humans were hunters and gatherers whose survival depended on the availability of
wild plants and animals.

7. What are the characteristics of a hunter-gatherer society?
Hunter-gatherer societies during the Paleolithic Era
(Old Stone Age)
were nomadic, migrating in search of food, water, shelter
invented the first tools, including simple weapons
learned how to make and use fire
Paleolithic Tools Image:

8. What are the characteristics of a hunter-gatherer society?
lived in clans
developed oral language
created “cave art.”
Top Cave Painting:
Bottom Cave Painting:

9. What are the characteristics of Neolithic Society?
Societies during the Neolithic Era (New Stone Age)
developed agriculture (domesticated plants)
domesticated animals

10. Neolithic Farming Domesticated animal
Illustration from "Kidipede, History And Science For Middle School Kids." Caption: "Women and men farming in south-eastern North America (1500's AD)."

11. What are the characteristics of Neolithic Society?
used advanced tools
made pottery
developed weaving skills

12. What do archaeologists study?
Archaeologists study past cultures by locating and analyzing human remains, settlements, fossils, and artifacts.

13. Archaeologist at work
Fossils
Artifacts

14. How do archaeologists determine how old an artifact is?
Archaeologists apply scientific tests, such as carbon dating, to analyze fossils and artifacts.

16. Where is Stonehenge located and when was it built?
Stonehenge is an example of an archaeological site in England that was begun during the Neolithic Age and completed during the Bronze Age.

17. Artist rendering of Stonehenge at completion
Stonehenge’s location in England

18. View of Stonehenge from the ground
View of Stonehenge from the air

19. What are two examples of early cities found in the Fertile Crescent?
Aleppo and Jericho are examples of early cities in the Fertile Crescent studied by archaeologists.

20. Fertile Cresent
Aleppo

21. What city is a good example of a Neolithic settlement?
Çatalhöyük is an example of a Neolithic settlement currently under excavation in Anatolia.

22. Catalhoyuk in Anatolia (Turkey) Artist rendering of Catalhoyuk