Transverse Waves and Lights
Essential Question: What is a wave?(pg. 43) Disturbance in matter than transfers energy from one place to another.
What is the medium of a wave created by people at a sporting event? People holding hands
What is a medium? The matter that the energy of mechanical wave travels through.
Essential Question: What is a transverse wave? (pg. 45) Wave in which the particles of the medium move/vibrate at right angles, or perpendicular to the direction that the wave travels.
What is the lowest part of a transverse wave called? The trough
What part of the wave represents the energy in the wave? The amplitude ( large amplitude; more energy) Wavelength (shorter wavelength; higher energy Frequency ( high frequency; high energy)
Your Question: How do particles of the medium of a transverse wave vibrate? They vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave travels.
Essential Question: What is frequency? (pg. 49) The number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time. (measured in Hertz, Hz)
What is the S.I. Unit for frequency? Hertz (Hz)
How does frequency affect wavelength? Higher frequency means shorter wavelength.
Your question: How are frequency, amplitude and wavelength related to energy of a transverse wave? Higher frequency means more energy Higher amplitude means more energy Smaller/shorter wavelength mean more energy
What factors affect the speed of waves? (pg. 51) Frequency, wavelength, temperature, and type of medium
When would a sound wave move fastest? The summer or the winter? It would move faster in the summer, because the particles move faster due to the high temperature.
Essential Question: What happens when a wave strikes a new medium? (pg. 55) When a wave strikes a new medium it can either: Reflect: bounce back if it can’t pass through the medium. Refract: bend, because it travels at different speed through different medium.
What is the law of reflection? Angle of incidence equals to angle of reflection.
What causes refraction to occur? It occurs when waves enter through a medium at an angle. Waves bend as they travel through a medium, because they start travelling at a different speed in a new medium.
Light wave hits the surface of the mirror at a 30 degree angle. Draw the angle of reflection and the angle of incidence.
Essential Question: What is wave interference? (pg. 57) Wave interference is when waves interact with each other.
What is diffraction? What is reflection? Diffraction: When waves spread out, travel around obstacles, or pass through an opening. Reflection: when a wave hits a medium that it cannot pass through and therefore bounces back.
What happens if two waves run into each other and their crests overlap? They will create constructive interference (they will create a larger amplitude)
Your Question: What is destructive interference? Occurs when the crest of one wave overlaps the trough of the other wave. They cancel each other out or create a wave with lower amplitude.
Essential Question: What is a light wave? (pg. 59) Light wave is an electromagnetic wave.
What creates an electromagnetic wave? Charged particle vibrates causes the vibration of electric field creates a vibrating magnetic field two types of vibrating fields combine to form electromagnetic wave.
What is different about electromagnetic wave and a regular mechanical transverse wave? Electromagnetic wave can travel through empty space, but mechanical wave can only travel though a medium.
Your Question: What is electromagnetic radiation? It is the energy transferred by electromagnetic waves.
Essential Question: Is light a wave or particle? (pg. 61) Light can behave as both a wave and a particle. (it resembles a particle but moves like a wave)
What is a photon? A photon is packets of energy and tiny particles of light
How fast is light? Light travels at the speed of 3 * 10^8 m/s.
What are the three types of matter? Explain the difference between them. Transparent: Easily transmit light (allows most light to pass though). Ie. glass Translucent: It transmits and scatters light at the same time (allows some light to pass through). Ie. Frosted window Opaque: It does not transmit light (no light can pass through). Ie. Aluminum foil
Your Question: What are the three things that could happen when light strikes a matter? Reflection, absorption, or transmission
Essential Question (pg. 67): What is a mirror? Object made of glass that reflects all the light that strikes it.
What type of image do you get from a plane mirror? Virtual and reversed image
Your Question: What is the difference between a convex lens and concave lens? Convex lens: is thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges (form an image that is larger than the real object) Concave lens: thinner in the middle and thicker and the edges (forms an image that is smaller than the real object.
A disturbance in matter that transfers energy from on place to another Mechanical Wave
The matter that mechanical energy travels through Medium
Particles of the matter move perpendicular to the direction the wave travels Transverse Wave
The high points of the wave Crests
The low points of the wave Trough
Maximum distance the particles of the medium move from their resting position when a wave passes through. Amplitude
Where the particles of the medium are in the absence of wave Resting position
The distance between two corresponding points on adjacent waves Wavelength